Abstract:The pedigree, characteristic, agronomic and economic traits of 62 rapeseed varieties registered in Jiangsu province in 1982 to 2012 was analyzed in this paper, especially the pedigree of important varieties Ningyou No. 7, Zhongyou 821, Yangyou No. 1 and Su 2051. Results showed that most of the rapeseed varieties registered in Jiangsu was originated from the variety Victor, the trait of low erucic acid content was originated from Zephyr Primor, Midas and Rongshan, and the trait of low glucosinolate content was from Tower, Wesroona, Marnoo and Wesbrook. The whole growth period of varieties was trended to shorten and reached to about 243 days, the plant height varied greatly and decided by different varieties. Within the seed or oil yield component, oil content varied greatly, especially in 2003-2012, the genetic gain reached to 0.65% per year, the silique number per plant and seed number per silique trended to increase, while the 1000 seed weight changed relatively smaller. Owing to the negative effect of double low traits on yield, the genetic gain of seed and oil yield in 1982-2012 was small, but which of the superior quality variety reached to 23.10kg/hm2 and 13.20kg/hm2 per year, respectively. The results of this study were help for the breeding and popularization of new rapeseed varieties in Jiangsu province.