Abstract:To clarify genetic difference and relationship among Vigna radiate cultivars from different regions, ISSR molecular marker technique was used. It is showed that 10 primers with clear amplified bands and high polymorphism which selected from 46 primers were amplified a total of 118 fragments from 33 cultivars of Vigna radiate germplasm resources ,in which there were 115 polymorphic fragments and the ratio of polymorphic sites was 98.18%. The genetic similarity and cluster analysis indicated that the genetic similarity coefficient varied from 0.50 to 0.98 and the average coefficient was 0.68. All of the tested Vigna radiate were divided into four ISSR groups when the genetic similarity coefficient was 0.682. Nine cultivars came from Heilongjiang and Jili and one cultivar came from Hebei were grouped into IG-I; 14 cultivars were grouped into IG-Ⅱ, with four cultivars from Hebei, and the rest from Henan, Shanxi and Shanxi; five cultivars of insect-resistant Vigna radiate came from Thailand were grouped in IG-Ⅲ; four cultivars from Shandong and Inner Mongolia were grouped into IG-Ⅳ,with two cultivars from each province. All the tested Vigna radiate can be distinguished when the genetic similarity coefficient was 0.98. The ISSR genetic diversity analysis showed that there may be some correlation between the ISSR grouping and the geographic origin of Vigna radiate, while there is genetic diversity in the same germplasm resources which come from the same geographic origin.