Abstract:The cytological observations on 10 genera, 52 species and 370 colle-ctions within the tribe Triticeae Dumortier in Xinjiang, Qinghai, Sichuan etc. were made in the present paper. The range of chromosome numbers varied from 2n=14 which was mainly found in most species of genus Hordeum and all species of genus Psathyrostachys and Secale, to 2n=84 which was only observed in genus Leymiis. The collections with chromosome, of 2n=28 and 2n=42 were highly presented in the above mentioned areas. The species with chromosome number or 28 and 42 were mostly found in genera Roegneria and Elymiis. Except a few species in which different polyploidy types were found, most species were very stable in chromosome number. No aneuploid or B-chromosome was,, observed in all the collections.