Abstract:Nine agronomic traits, like days to flowering, plant height, first branch number, were used to evaluate nine tartary buckwheat （Pagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaerth）varieties from different sources by using multiple comparison Tukey and principal component analyses. Among them, six lines with large variation in between were selected and conducted diallel crosses. According to the results of diallel analyses, two varieties showing widest pairwised differences in plant height, first branch number, etc, were selected. Finally, six most varied agronomic traits were selected to evaluate the segregating individuals from the cross between the two selected varieties. The mode of inheritance and genetic correlation of each agronomic trait were estimated. From the F4 generation of ‘Hokuriku No. 4’ and ‘Ishisoba’, we identified twelve excellent plants (days to flowering early, short plant height and high yield ) , and based on the genetic information of these agronomic traits of tartary buckwheat, selecting strategy for excellent offspring lines was discussed on traits by using hybrid breeding method. The most effective strategy was comprised by SSD method in promoting of segregating population to F4 generation, and pedigree breeding method afterwards.