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期 刊 ：植物遗传资源学报 2014年 15卷 3期

关键词：鸭茅；主栽品种；SSR；SCoT；DNA指纹图谱；遗传多样性；

Keywords:Dactylis glomerata, dominant varieties, SSR, SCoT, DNA fingerprint, genetic diversity,

摘 要 ：鸭茅系世界著名多年生冷季型牧草之一，对我国草地生态畜牧业发展至关重要。为对鸭茅品种鉴别、管理和利用提供分子水平上的依据，本研究利用SSR标记和SCoT标记构建了中国主栽的21个鸭茅品种的DNA指纹图谱。从180对SSR引物和80个SCoT引物中，筛选出多态性高、谱带清晰的SSR引物和SCoT引物各24个。24对SSR引物在供试材料中共检测到186个条带，其中多态性条带为175个，品种特异条带6个，多态性比率94.03%，多态性信息量均值0.845，Shannon指数变幅0.2946～0.4633，基因多样性指数变幅0.4479～0.6549，可鉴别的品种数2～21个；利用24个SCoT引物对供试材料共检测到321个条带，其中多态性条带为249个，品种特异条带6个，多态性比率76.33%，多态性信息量均值0.907，Shannon指数变幅0.2588～0.6329，基因多样性指数变幅0.1695～0.4451，可鉴别的品种数1～21个；5对SSR引物和5个SCoT引物在10个品种上具有唯一特征谱带，最终综合各项指标筛选出5个引物(A01E14、A01K14、B03E14、D02K13和SCoT23)上的37个条带用于鸭茅品种DNA指纹图谱构建，数据库中每个品种均具有唯一DNA指纹编码，构建的DNA指纹数据可用于鸭茅品种真伪鉴定，为品种的知识产权保护提供有效的科学依据。

Abstract:Orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata) is one of the most famous cool-season perennial forage grasses worldwide, which is economically important for the development of animal husbandry and grassland ecological of our country. The aim of this study was to construct a DNA fingerprint of 21 dominant orchardgrass varieties of China using simple sequence repeat (SSR) makers and start codon targeted polymorphism (SCoT) makers. This study was necessary for orchardgrass varieties identification, management and use. Twenty-four of 180 SSR primer pairs and 24 of 80 SCoT primers were screened based on high polymorphic and clear bands. The 24 SSR primer pairs amplified a total of 186 bands (including 175 polymorphic bands and 6 specific varieties bands) among the 21 orchardgrass cultivars, and the rate of polymorphism was as high as 94.03%. The average value of polymorphic information content (PIC) was 0.845. The Shannon’s information index (I) values ranged from 0.2946 to 0.4633, and the Nei’s gene diversity (H) values ranged from 0.4479 to 0.6549. The numbers of identified varieties ranged from 2 to 21. The 24 SCoT primers amplified a total of 321 bands (including 249 polymorphic bands and 6 specific varieties bands) among the 21 cultivars, and the rate of polymorphism was 76.33%. The average value of PIC was 0.907. The values of I ranged from 0.2588 to 0.6329, and the values of H ranged from 0.1695 to 0.4451. The numbers of identified varieties ranged from 1 to 21. And 10 varieties had specific bands by 5 SSR primer pairs and 5 SCoT primers. And a total of selected 37 bands from 5 primers (A01E14, A01K14, B03E14, D02K13 and SCoT23) were used for the DNA fingerprint construction. Each variety had specific DNA fingerprint code in the database, which would contribute to the identification and the intellectual property rights protect of varieties worldwide.

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