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期 刊 ：植物遗传资源学报 2012年 13卷 2期

关键词：长泰砂仁；生物学性状；分子鉴定；

Keywords:Changtai Fructus Amomi, Biological characteristics, Molecular analyses,

摘 要 ：主要研究了长泰砂仁的生物学性状，并对长泰砂仁进行了分子鉴定，明确了长泰砂仁分类地位，为长泰砂仁产地品牌建设奠定基础。通过实地观察测量长泰砂仁的生物学特性结合室内研究分析不同豆蔻属植物的ITS-5.8S序列，结果显示，长泰县陈巷镇新吴村和长泰县马洋溪旅游区山重村的砂仁的花、叶、果等主要生物学指标方面无明显差异；长泰县陈巷镇新吴村的砂仁的座果率、结果率、千粒重和亩产均显著高于马洋溪旅游区山重村的砂仁。由ITS-5.8S序列构建进化树来看，长泰砂仁和阳春砂、绿壳砂聚为一支，支持率达99%，长泰砂仁与这两种砂仁的同源性均达99%以上，结合形态特征和ITS-5.8S结果判定长泰砂仁和阳春砂应为同一种。

Abstract:This paper focused on the biological characteristics of Changtai Fructus Amomi, carried out its molecular identification, and cleared its taxonomic status, which laid the foundation for the origin brand building of Changtai Fructus Amomi. According to the combining field observations and measurements of the biological characteristics of Changtai Fructus Amomi with the indoor research, this paper analyzed ITS-5.8S sequences of the different Amomum species. It indicated that there is no significant difference of Fructus Amomi flowers, leaves, fruits and other major biological indicators between Xinwu Village, Chenxiang Town and Shanchong Village, Mayangxi tourist area, Changtai County. It also showed that the percentage of fertile fruit, ripening rate, 1000-gain weight and acre yield of Xinwu Village, Chenxiang Town are significantly higher than Shanchong Village of Mayangxi tourist area. According to the Phylogenetic trees, which were constucted based on ITS-5.8S sequences, Changtai Fructus Amomi, Amomum villosum and Amomum villosum Lour.var.xanthioides T.L.Wu et Senjen clustered into a branch with the 99 percent support. The homology of Changtai Fructus Amomi and the other two kinds all reached more than 99 percent. Therefore it is found that Changtai Fructus Amomi and Amomum villosum should be the same based on the morphological characteristics and ITS-5.8S.

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