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期 刊 ：中国中药杂志 2005年 30卷 11期 页码：835.

关键词：关木通；水煎；马兜铃酸Ⅰ；Ⅳa；HPLC；

Keywords:Guanmutong, Aristolochia manshuriensis, water extraction, aristolochic acids Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅳa, HPLC,

摘 要 ：目的:以关木通为例,探讨中药不同入药形式对其毒性成分含量的影响。方法:以3.7mmol·L^-1磷酸缓冲液(pH2.55)-乙腈为流动相,260nm为检测波长,采用RP-HPLC-DAD方法测定以粉末、水煎液2种形式入药的关木通中马兜铃酸Ⅰ、马兜铃酸Ⅱ、马兜铃酸Ⅳa的含量情况。结果:关木通水煎液中马兜铃酸Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅳa的煎出率分别为药材粉末中含量的53.4%,75.5%,61.9%;而在水煎后的药渣中马兜铃酸Ⅰ,Ⅱ和Ⅳa的残余量分别相当于粉末中含量的22.3%,15.7%和30.3%;3种马兜铃酸其余的约10%-25%可能在水煎过程中被破坏了;马兜铃酸Ⅰ在水煎液中仍为主要的马兜铃酸类成分。结论:不同入药形式对关木通中的毒性成分含量有很大的影响;应根据毒性成分的性质而选择合适的入药形式,以此来减少中药毒性成分对人体的损害。

Abstract:Objective: Taking Caulis Aristolochiae Manshuriensis (Guanmutong in Chinese,derived from the stem of Aristolochia manshuriensis) as an example, to study the affection of different preparations on the content of toxic constituents in traditional Chinese medicines. Method: The separation was performed on a zorbax SB-C₁₈ column with mobile phase of acetonitrile-3.7 mmol·L^-1 phosphoric acid buffer, detected at 260 nm. Result: The extraction percentage of aristolochic acids Ⅰ ,Ⅱ and Ⅳa in water extraction (1 h × 2) of Guanmutong were 53.4% , 75.5% and 61.9%, respectively; the remaining quantity of aristolochic acids Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅳ a in the dregs of the decoction were 22.3%, 15.7% and 30.3%, respectively; Aristolochic acid I was still main substance among these aristolohic acids in the decoction of Guanmutong. Conclusion: The content of toxic constituents of the traditional Chinese medicines varies evidently with different preparations of Guanmutong. So the preparation methods of traditional Chinese medicines should be suitably selected according to characteristics of the toxic constituents so as to lessen the body damages of human.

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