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Two new species of Clematis (Ranunculaceae) from Sichuan

四川铁线莲属二新种



全 文 :广 西 植 物 Guihaia 32(1):1-4                                2012 年 1 月  
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-3142.2012.01.001
四川铁线莲属二新种
王文采,李良千
(中国科学院 植物研究所 系统与进化植物学国家重点实验室,北京100093)
摘 要:描述了自四川东南部发现的毛茛科铁线莲属二新种:黄荆铁线莲和古蔺铁线莲。
关键词:毛茛科;铁线莲属;新种;四川
中图分类号:Q949  文献标识码:A  文章编号:1000-3142(2012)01-0001-04
* Two new species of Clematis(Ranunculaceae)
from Sichuan
WANG Wen-Tsai,LI Liang-Qian
(State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany,Institute of
Botany,the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100093,China)
Abstract:Two species of the genus Clematis(Ranunculaceae),C.huangjingensis,belonging to sect.Clematis
subsect.Clematis and C.gulinensis,belonging to sect.Viorna(Reichb.)Prantl subsect.Connatae Koehne,are
described as new from Sichuan,China.
Key words:Ranunculaceae;Clematis;new species;Sichuan
  中国科学院植物研究所标本馆于2010年秋季
派队到四川东南部古蔺县进行植物区系考察,采集
到大量植物标本,最近我们在鉴定其中毛茛科标本
的过程中发现铁线莲属二新种,现在本文发表。
  铁线莲属Clematis L.
  黄荆铁线莲 图1:A-B
Clematis huangjingensis W.T.Wang & L.Q.
Li,sp.nov.(sect.Clematis subsect.Clematis)Fig.
1:A-B
Species nova haec est affinis et foliorum forma
similima C.chingii W.T.Wang,quae foliolis su-
pra strigosis interdum trilobatis,inflorescentis
paniculatis multi-floris,stylis persistentibus circ.4
cm longis facile differt.
Liana lignosa.Caulis brunneo-purpureus,circ.
2.5mm crassus,longitudinaliter vadoseque 8-sul-
catus,dense adpresseque puberulus.Folia opposi-
ta,5-foliolatim pinnata,17-22cm longa;foliola
petiolulata,petiolulis(2-)10-22mm longis cum
petiolis et rhachibus dense adpresseque puberulis,
lanminis papyraceis anguste ovatis vel elipticis 6-
9cm longis 3.8-5cm latis apice acumiantis vel
acutis basi rotundatis vel rotundato-truncatis mar-
gine utroque latere 1-3(-6)-dentatis supra gla-
bris subtus puberulis,nervis basalibus tribus utrin-
que planis;petioli circ.5cm longi.Cymae axil-
lares,1-florae;pedunculi fructiferi 2.5-3cm lon-
gi,cum bracteis et pedicelis adpresse puberuli;
bracteae oppositae,anguste ovatae,circ.2mm lon-
gae;pediceli fructiferi circ.1.5cm longi.Flores
ignoti.Achenia siccitate nigra,anguste obovoidea,
circ.3.5mm longa,2mm lata,pilosa,stylis persis-
* 收稿日期:2011-04-01  修回日期:2011-09-14
基金项目:国家自然科学基金 (30870146)[Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(30870146)]
作者简介:王文采(1926-),男,山东济南人,研究员,博士生导师,中国科学院院士,著名植物分类学家,长期从事有花植物分类学研究。
图1 A-B.黄荆铁线莲 A.叶和腋生果序;B.瘦果 C-F.古蔺铁线莲 C.叶和腋生果序、花蕾;E.幼雄蕊;F.瘦果。
Fig.1 A-B.Clematis huangjingensis A.leaf and axilary fruiting inflorescence;B.achene(from holotype) 
C-F.Clematis gulinensis C.leaf and axilary fruiting inflorescence;D.flower bud;E.young stamen;F.achene.(from holotype)
2 广 西 植 物                  32卷
tentibus albo-plumosis circ.2.6cm longis.
木质藤本。茎褐紫色,粗约2.5mm,有8条浅
纵沟,密被贴伏短柔毛。叶对生,为具5小叶的羽状
复叶,长17-22cm;小叶具柄;小叶柄长(2-)10-
22mm,与叶柄和叶轴均密被贴伏短柔毛;小叶片纸
质,狭卵形或椭圆形,长6-9cm,宽3.8-5cm,顶
端渐尖或急尖,基部圆形或圆截形,边缘每侧有1-
3(-6)枚牙齿,上面无毛,下面被短柔毛,基出脉3
条,两面平;叶柄长约5cm。聚伞花序腋生,具1
花;花序梗果期长2.5-3cm,与苞片和花梗均被贴
伏短柔毛;苞片对生,狭卵形,长约2mm;花梗果期
长约1.5cm。瘦果干时黑色,狭倒卵球形,长约3.5
mm,宽约2mm,被疏柔毛;宿存花柱羽毛状,长约
2.6cm,毛白色。
四川(Sichuan):古蔺县(Gulin Xian),黄荆乡
(Huangjing Xiang),四来桥至黑熊沟 (from Si-
laiqiao to Heixionggou),28°11′70″N,105°47′17″
E,alt.1 338-1 513m,常绿阔叶林下(in evergreen
broad-leaved forest),宿存花柱白色,2010-09-08,
PE-古蔺考察队(Gulin Expedition of PE)1003(hol-
otype,PE)。
本种与两广铁线莲(Clematis chingii W.T.
Wang)有亲缘关系,在小叶形状方面极为相似,但本
种的小叶上面无毛,不分裂,聚伞花序只有1花,瘦
果宿存花柱较短,长约2.6cm而不同。在两广铁线
莲,小叶上面被糙伏毛,有时三浅裂,花序圆锥状,具
多数花,瘦果宿存花柱长约4cm(Wang,2003)。
  古蔺铁线莲 图1:C-F
Clemaits gulinensis W.T.Wang & L.Q.Li,
sp.nov.(sect.Vionna(Reichb.)Prantl subsect.
Connatae Koehne)Fig.1:C-F
Species nova haec est affinis C.henryi Oliv.,
quae folis saepe lanceolatis margine minute dentic-
ulatis subtus ad nervos sparse puberulis,nervis
basalibus 3-5(-7),petiolis 2-6.5cm longis,cy-
mis vulgo 1-floris ubi 5-floris haud racemiformi-
bus,antheris glabris praeclare recedit.
Liana lignosa.Caulis atro-purpureus,1-1.4
mm crassus,longitudinaliter 4-vel 6-angulatus,
sparse patuleque puberulus,glabrescens.Folia op-
posita,simplicia;laminae tenuiter coriaceae,ovatae
vel anguste ovatae,4.8-8cm longae,1.8-3.6cm
latae,apice acuminatae,basi rotundatae vel late cu-
neatae,margine integrae,supra glabrae,subtus
dense puberulae,trinerves,nervis basalibus supra
planis subtus leviter prominulis;petioli 0.6-1.2
cm longi,cum pedunculis dense patuleque puberu-
li.Cymae axilares,nunc 1-3-florae,nunc 5-florae
et racemiformes;pedunculi 7-15mm longi;bracte-
ae oppositae,anguste lanceolato-lineares,2-6.5
mm longae,puberulae;pediceli 0.5-5cm longi,
puberuli,terminales haud bracteolati,axilares 2-
bracteolati;bracteolae oppositae,anguste lineares
vel subulatae,2-3mm longae,puberulae.Alabas-
trum ovoideum,circ.5mm longum;sepala 4,valva-
ta,coriacea,eliptico-ovata,intus glabra,extus
prope apicem sparse puberula,margine velutina;
stamina juvenalia linearia,circ.3mm longa,infra
medium pubescentia,supra medium antheras inclu-
dentia dense vilosa;carpela perjuvenalia,minuta,
circ.1mm longa.Achenia bilaterliter compressa,
anguste obovata,circ.3.2mm longa,1.5mm lata,
sparse pilosa,stylis persistentibus albo-plumosis
circ.3cm longis.
木质藤本。茎黑紫色,粗1-1.4mm,有4或6
纵棱,疏被开展短柔毛,变无毛。叶对生,为单叶;叶
片薄革质,卵形或狭卵形,长4.8-8cm,宽1.8-
3.6cm,顶端渐尖,基部圆形或宽楔形,边缘全缘,上
面无毛,下面密被短柔毛,具三出脉,基出脉上面平,
下面稍隆起;叶柄长0.6-1.2cm,与花序梗均密被
开展短柔毛。聚伞花序腋生,有时据1-3花,有时
具5花,并呈总状花序状;花序梗长7-15mm;苞
片对生,狭披针状条形,长2-6.5mm,被短柔毛;
花梗长0.5-5cm,被短柔毛,顶生者无小苞片,侧
生者具2小苞片;小苞片对生,狭条形或钻形,长2
-3mm,被短柔毛。花蕾卵球形,长约5mm;萼片
4,镊合状排列,革质,椭圆状卵形,内面无毛,外面近
顶端疏被短柔毛,边缘有短绒毛;雄蕊幼,条形,长约
3mm,中部以下被柔毛,中部以上包括花药密被长
柔毛;心皮尚极幼,极小,长约1mm。瘦果两侧扁,
狭倒卵形,长约3.2mm,宽1.5mm,被疏毛;宿存
花柱羽毛状,长约3cm,毛白色。
四川(Sichuan):古蔺县(Gulin Xian),黄荆乡
(Huangjing Xiang),28°16′25″N,105°48′34″E,alt.
1 100-1 580m,山谷林中(under forests in val-
ley),2010-09-05,PE-古蔺考察队(Gulin Expedirion
31期             王文采等:四川铁线莲属二新种
of PE)0662(holotype,PE).
本种在亲缘关系方面接近单叶铁线莲(Clema-
tis henryi Oliv.),但叶卵形,边缘全缘,下面密被短
柔毛,基出脉3条,叶柄较短,长0.6-1.2cm,聚伞
花序有5花时呈总状花序状,花药密被长柔毛而可
区别。在单叶铁线莲,叶通常披针形,边缘有小齿,
下面只在脉上被疏柔毛,基出脉3-5(-7)条,叶柄
长2-6.5cm,聚伞花序通常有1花,当具5花时,
不呈总状花序状,花药无毛(Fang,1980)。
致谢 孙英宝先生为本文绘图,谨表深切感谢!
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