全 文 ：广 西 植 物 Guihaia Jan．２０１４,３４(１):１－３ http://journal．gxzw．gxib．cn
DOI:１０．３９６９/j．issn．１０００Ｇ３１４２．２０１４．０１．００１
王文采．柔毛赤车,广西荨麻科一新种[J]．广西植物,２０１４,３４(１):１－３
WangWT．Pellioniamollissima,anewspeciesofUrticaceaefromGuangxi[J]．Guihaia,２０１４,３４(１):１－３
柔毛赤车,广西荨麻科一新种
王文采
(中国科学院植物研究所 系统与进化植物学国家重点实验室,北京１０００９３)
摘 要:描述了自广西西南部发现的荨麻科(Urticaceae)赤车属(Pellionia)一新种,柔毛赤车(P．mollisＧ
sima).此种的特征是其瘦果具短线纹和瘤状突起,据此果实特征,可将此种与赤车属的其他种相区别.
关键词:荨麻科;赤车属;新种;广西
中图分类号:Q９４９ 文献标识码:A 文章编号:１０００Ｇ３１４２(２０１４)０１Ｇ０００１Ｇ０３
Pelioniamolissima,anewspeciesof
UrticaceaefromGuangxi
WANG WenＧTsai
(StateKeyLaboratoryofSystematicandEvolutionaryBotany,ChineseAcademyofScience,Beijing１０００９３,China)
Abstract:AspeciesofthegenusPellionia(Urticaceae),P．mollissima,isdescribedasnewfromsouthwesternGuanＧ
gxi．Thisspeciesischaracterizedbyitslineolateandtuberculateachenes,andbythisuniquefruitcharacteritmaybe
distinguishedfromaltheotherspeciesofPellionia．
Keywords:Urticaceae;Pellionia;newspecies;Guangxi
柔毛赤车 图１
PelioniamolissimaW．T．Wang,sp．nov．Fig．１．
SpeciesnovahaecachenislongitudinaliterlineolaＧ
tisetminutissimetuberculatisinsignisest,secundum
fructuscharacteremhuncaspeciebusomnbusceteris
generisPellioniaedifeet,etiamfolisutrinquedensisＧ
simepuberulisaspeciebussinensibusceterisgeneris
hujusrecedit．
Perennialherbs,turnsblackwhendrying．Stems
ca．６５cmtal,nearbase６mmacross,abovedensely
puberulous(withhairs０．２mmlong),belowglabrous
andlongitudinalyshalowly１０Ｇsulcate．Leavessessile;
bladesthinpapery,obliquelyoblandeolateorlongelipＧ
tic,１３－１７cmlong,２－４．８cmbroad,apexlongacuＧ
minate,baseatleafnarrowsidelongattenuateandat
broadsideobtuseorauriculate,margindenticulate;
surfacesadaxialyandabaxialyverydenselypuberuＧ
lous(withhairs０．２－０．５mmlong);venationsemiＧtriＧ
plinerved,withlateralnerves３atleafnarrowside,５at
broadside;cystolithsdense,baciliform,０．２－０．５mm
long;stipulesmembranous,narrowＧlanceolateorlineＧ
ar,９－１１．５mmlong,２－２．８mmbroad,abaxialypuＧ
berulous．Staminatecymesunknown．Infructescences
singlyaxilary,smal,ca．３mmlongandbroad,sessile,
belowfrombaseveryshortly４Ｇbranched;bractssesＧ
sile,ovate,narrowＧovateornarrowＧlanceolate,０．５－０．６
mmlong,０．２－０．３５mmbroad,brown,glabrous,apex
acuteorattenuate．Pistilateflower５Ｇmerous,not
seen;persistenttepals５,lanceolateＧlinearornarrowＧ
lanceolate,０．７－１．５long,０．３－０．４mmbroad,brown,
收稿日期:２０１３Ｇ０３Ｇ１４ 修回日期:２０１３Ｇ０４Ｇ１６
作者简介:王文采(１９２６Ｇ),男,山东掖县人,研究员,中国科学院院士,著名植物分类学家,长期从事有花植物分类学研究.
图１ 柔毛赤车 A．雌茎上部;B．果序;C．宿存花被片和瘦果;D．瘦果.(来自模式标本)
Fig．１ Pelioniamolissima A．Upperpartofpistilatestem;B．Infructescence;C．Persistenttepalsandachene;D．Achene．(fromholotype)
atthe middle partdarkＧbrown,glabrous,apex
acute．Achenesbilateralycompressed,biconvex,
broadＧeliptic,ca．１mmlong,０．６mmbroad,longiＧ
tudinalylineolateandvery minutelytuberculate,
brown,apexwithwhitemembranousremnantsof
stigmaca．０．２mmlong．
多年生草本,当干燥时变为黑色.茎高约６５
cm,近基部粗６mm,上部密被短柔毛(毛长０．２
mm),下部无毛并具１０条浅纵沟.叶无柄;叶片薄
纸质,斜倒披针形或长椭圆形,长１３~１７cm,宽２~
２ 广 西 植 物 ３４卷
４．８cm,顶端长渐尖,基部狭侧长渐狭,宽侧钝或耳
形,边缘具小牙齿,两面极密被短柔毛(毛长０．２~
０．５mm),半离基三出脉,侧脉在叶狭侧３条,在宽
侧５条,钟乳体密集,杆状,长０．２~０．５mm;托叶膜
质,狭披针形或条形,长９~１１．５mm,宽２~２．８
mm,背面被短柔毛.雄聚伞花序未见.雌聚伞花
序单生叶腋,小,长和宽均为３mm,无梗,下部自基
部起有４条很短分枝;苞片无柄,卵形、狭卵形或狭
披针形,长０．５~０．６mm,宽０．２~０．３５mm,褐色,无
毛,顶端急尖或渐狭.雌花五基数,未见;宿存花被
片５,披针状条形或狭披针形,长０．７~１．５mm,宽
０．３~０．４mm,褐色,中央暗褐色,无毛,顶端急尖.
瘦果两侧扁,双凸,宽卵圆形,长约１ mm,宽０．６
mm,具纵列短线纹和极小瘤状突起,褐色,顶端具
长约０．２mm的柱头膜质残遗部分.
广西(Guangxi):龙州(Longzhou),金龙(JinＧ
long),alt．２５０m,石灰岩山林中(underforestin
limestonehil),２００３Ｇ０９Ｇ１５,税玉民,陈文红(Y．M．
Shui& W．H．Chen)B２００３Ｇ０３８(holotype,PE).
本种的突出特征是瘦果具纵列短线纹和小瘤状
突起,据此特征即可与赤车属的其他所有种相区别;
在此属其他种,瘦果通常具瘤状突起,在少数种光滑
或具不规则条纹(marmorate)或短线纹(lineolate)
(Schröter,１９３６;王文采,１９９５).此外,本种的另一
特征是叶两面均密被短柔毛,据此一特征即可与我
国赤车属的其他所有种相区别;在我国此属其他种,
叶两面均有多少稀疏的毛,或只上面或只下面有毛,
或两面均无毛(王文采,１９９５).
致谢 孙英宝先生为本文绘图,深表感谢.
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３１期 王文采:柔毛赤车,广西荨麻科一新种