全 文 ：广 西 植 物 Guihaia Aug．２０１５,３５(４):５５１－５５３ http://journal．gxzw．gxib．cn
DOI:１０．１１９３１/guihaia．gxzw２０１３０８０２７
余东莉,周详,金效华,等．中国兰科大苞兰属一新记录种———淡黑大苞兰[J]．广西植物,２０１５,３５(４):５５１－５５３
YuDL,ZhouX,JinXH,etal．Sunipianigricans,anewrecordedspeciesofOrchidaceaefromYunnan,China[J]．Guihaia,２０１５,３５(４):５５１－５５３
Sunipianigricans,anewrecordedspeciesof
OrchidaceaefromYunnan,China
YUDongＧLi１,ZHOUXiang２,JINXiaoＧHua３,LIJianＧWu２,LIUQiang２,４∗
(１．XishuangbannaNatureReserveResearchInstitution,Jinghong６６６１００,China;２．CenterforIntegrativeConservation,Xishuangbanna
TropicalBotanicalGarden,ChineseAcademyofSciences,GermplasmBank,Mengla６６６３０３,China;３．Herbarium,InstituteofBotany,
ChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing１０００９３,China;４．UniversityofChineseAcademyofSciences,Bejing１０００４９,China)
Abstract:Sunipiaincludingabout２３specieswasrestrictedtoSoutheastAsia．InChina,genusofSunipiaisrepreＧ
sentedbytwelvespecies．DuringourfieldworkinPu’erPrefecturesouthernYunnanfrom２０１１to２０１３,onenewreＧ
cordedspeciesfromChinawasdiscoveredandherereported．ItsChinesenamewasentitledbymeaningofspecific
names．Thisspeciesischaracterizedbypurpleperianth,unbranchedpolinariumstipeterminatedwith４sphericalsolＧ
idpoliniasdiferedfromothersofthisgenus．
Keywords:Sunipianigricans;Orchidaceae;newrecord;China
中图分类号:Q９４８．１５ 文献标识码:A 文章编号:１０００Ｇ３１４２(２０１５)０４Ｇ０５５１Ｇ０３
中国兰科大苞兰属一新记录种———淡黑大苞兰
余东莉１,周 详２,金效华３,李剑武２,刘 强２,４∗
(１．西双版纳州国家级自然保护区 科研所,云南 景洪６６６１００;２．中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园 综合保护中心,
云南 勐腊６６６３０３;３．中国科学院植物研究所 标本馆,北京１０００９３;４．中国科学院大学,北京１０００４９)
摘 要:大苞兰属全世界共有２３种,主要分布于东南亚各国.我国分布有１２种,可以说是该属的分布中心.在
２０１１－２０１３年期间,对普洱地区兰科植物的野外考察中,发现了该属一个新记录种SunipianigricansAveryＧ
anov,根据该种拉丁名种加词之意将其定为“淡黑大苞兰”.淡黑大苞兰主要特点是花淡黑色、粘盘柄不分叉、顶
部连接着４个球形的花粉团,与该属其它所有种类有明显区别.
关键词:淡黑大苞兰;兰科;新记录;中国
淡黑大苞兰 (新拟)
Sunipianigricans Averyanov．InTaiwania．５２
(４):２８７－３０６．２００７．(Fig．１)
Epiphyticplant,rhizomerigid,darkgray,１．５－２
mmthick．PseudobulbsbroadlyＧovatetosubＧspheriＧ
cal,７－１０mmacross,greenwithpurpleＧbrowentint．
Leavesrigid,coriaceous,oblongＧlanceolate,slightly
unequalybilobedatapex,３－５cmlong,and０．５－０．９
cm wide．Inflorescencearisingfrom the base of
pseudobulb,subＧdenseraceme４－６cmlong,comＧ
monlywith１５－２２flowers,coveredwith３－６black
closenarrowsheaths．Floralbractsyelowish,narrowＧ
lyＧcuneate,acute,４－６mmlong,lessthan１mm
wide．PedicelandovarysubＧerect,darkＧviolet,５－６．５
收稿日期:２０１４Ｇ１０Ｇ３０ 修回日期:２０１５Ｇ０２Ｇ２７
基金项目:国家自然科学基金(Y２GJBZ１B０１);院地合作基金(YOZL０２１B０１).
作者简介:余东莉 (１９７１Ｇ),女,高级工程师,主要从事兰科植物保护研究,(EＧmail)yorchid＠１２６．com.
∗通讯作者:刘强,博士研究生,助理研究员,主要从事兰科植物分类与保护生物学研究,(EＧmail)liuq＠xtbg．org．cn.
Fig．１ SunipianigricansAveryanov A．Plant;B．Inflorescences;C．Flower;D．Unbranchedpolinariumstipe;E．Flowerofanatomy．
mmlong,０．５－１mmwide．Flowersnotresupinate,
widelyopening,withlightunpleasantsmel．Sepals
darkviolettonearlyblack,straight,rigid．DorsalsepＧ
alnarrowlyＧovate,bilobedatapex,５－６mmlong,
２．５－３．５mmwide,with３distinctnerves．LateralsepＧ
alsfree,narrowlyＧobovate,obtuse,５－６mmlong,２
－２．５ mm wide,with１nerve．Petalsobovateto
broadlyＧobovate,broadlyＧobtuseandretuseatapex,
２．６－３mmlong,２．２－２．６mmwide,with１nerve．
LipdarkvioletwithdulgreenishＧvioletcenter,fleshy,
ovatetriangular,５－６mmlong,３－４mmwide,inＧ
distinctlytrilobe,withsmalbifidcalusatthebase,
finelywartyalong midＧvein;medianlobeoblong,
sometimesshortlyemarginatedatapex,sidelobes
broadlyＧtrangularwithobtusetoroundishapex．ColＧ
umndarktolightviolet,fleshy,shortlyＧcylindrical,
２５５ 广 西 植 物 ３５卷
withveryshortcolumnfootandpersistent,immobile
operculum．Polinia４,solid,yelow,pyriform to
nearlyspherical,terminatedwithlargehemispheric
viscidium．Floweringtime:MarchＧApril．
Distribution:Vietnam,China．
ChinaYunnan:Lancang;Menglian,epiphyticon
trunksin monsoonevergreenbroadleavedforest,
１５００m,２０１３Ｇ０４Ｇ２２,LiuQiang９１(HITBC)．
SunipiawasestablishedbyLindleyin１８２６,and
thisgenusincludingabout２３species(Govaertetal．,
２０１１)restrictedtoSoutheastAsia．InChina,Sunipia
isrepresentedbytwelvespecies(Chenetal．,２００９;Li
etal．,２０１３)．SunipianigricanswaspublishedbyLeＧ
onidV．AveryanovfromVietnam(Averyanov,２００７),
anditstrikinglydiferedfromalknownrepresentaＧ
tivesofthegenusinunbranchedpolinariumstipeterＧ
minatedwith４sphericalsolidpolinias．
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RavenPH,HongDY(eds)．FloraofChina．２５:４４０－４４４
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(上接第５３１页Continuefrompage５３１)
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３５５４期 余东莉等:中国兰科大苞兰属一新记录种———淡黑大苞兰