作 者 ：黄娟, 吴彤, 孔国辉, 陈志东, 张进忠
期 刊 ：植物生态学报 2006年 30卷 4期 页码：666-674
关键词：光合日变化；净光合速率；水分利用效率；气体交换特征；油页岩废渣；
Keywords:Diurnal variation of photosynthesis, Net photosynthetic rate, Water utilization efficiency, Gas exchange, Oil shale waste,
摘 要 ：研究了引种在油页岩工业废渣地12种木本植物冬、夏季光合作用特征，根据此评价引种植物的光合作用效率，测定的主要参数包括净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr) 和气孔导度(Gs)。结果表明：1) 冬、夏季各项测定指标差异很大，Pn、Tr、Gs均是夏季高于冬季，而且，夏季平均Pn、
Tr和Gs值要比冬季均值分别高60.9%、77.7%和85.7%，但水分利用效率(WUE)却是冬季高于夏季26 .8%～77.2%。2)Pn日变化节律冬、夏季有异， 夏季较多的种出现“双峰型”，而冬季较多出现“单峰型”。但也有例外，樟树(Cinnamomum camphora)冬、夏季均出现“单峰”；油榄仁(Terminalia bellirica)、红胶木(Tristania conferta) 和柚木(Tectona grandis)冬、夏季均出现“双峰”；海南蒲桃(Syzygium cumini) 则冬季为“双峰”，夏季为“单峰”。3)若某一植物种在冬、夏季都表现出有较高的Pn日均值，相对于另一种植物其中有一季有较高的Pn，说明前者更适应当地环境生长。据此，以冬、夏季Pn日均值的平均值高低排序，评价参试植物在当地自然光照条件下的光合作用效率高低，树种的排序为：大叶相思(Acacia auriculiformis)、油榄仁、铁刀木(Cassia siamea)、云南石梓(Gmeli na arborea)、柚木、红胶木、樟树、海南红豆(Ormosia pinnata)、铁冬青(Ilex rotunda)、海南蒲桃、双翼豆(Peltophorum ptetocarpum)和海南翅萍婆(Pterygota alata)。
Abstract:Background and Aims Phytoremediation is an important method for restoring bare soil or slag; however, the physiological
traits of plants used for revegetation are poorly known, even though such traits are important to successful remediation.
This study was carried out on oil shale waste in Maoming City, Guangdong Province to screen for tree species with high
photosynthetic potential, appraise the ability of these plants to acclimatize to oil shale waste, and provide valuable
information for ecological restoration of similar waste sites.
Methods Diurnal variation of photosynthesis was measured for 12 tree species in summer and winter, using portable
photosynthetic equipment (LI_6400, LI_COR, Inc., USA). Other parameters such as transpiration, stomatal conductance,
relative humidity, etc. were measured simultaneously, and water use efficiency (WUE) was calculated as net photosynthesis
divided by transpiration.
Key Results There were large seasonal differences in all parameters, with values of net photosynthesis, transpiration, and
stomatal conductance higher in summer than winter (60.9%, 77.7% and 85.7%, respectively), but WUE higher in winter than in
summer (26.8%-77.2%). Diurnal variation of net photosynthesis also exhibited seasonal differences. Many tree species
exhibited a bimodal peak in summer and a unimodal peak in winter; however,Cinnamomum camphora was unimodal in both seasons;
Terminalia ellirica, Tristania confertam, and Tectona grandis were bimodal in both seasons; and Syzygium cumini was bimodal
in winter and unimodal in summer. Trees with higher mean net photosynthetic rate in both winter and in summer should be more
useful for phytoremediation than species with high net photosynthetic rate in only one season. Accordingly, net
photosynthetic rate, which synthesizes all parameters examined, should be considered the most important parameter to appraise
the ability of plants to acclimatize.
Conclusions According to mean net photosynthetic rates in both winter and summer, the sequence of photosynthesis efficiency
of the 12 tree species tested was: Acacia auriculiformis, Terminalia bellirica, Cassia siamea, Gmelina arborea, Tectona
grandis, Tristania conferta, Cinnamomum camphora, Ormosia pinnata, Ilex rotunda, Syzygium cumini, Peltophorum ptetocarpum and
Pterygota alata.