全 文 ：小麦春化发育机制的初步研究
尹　军 ,等
(山西农业大学,太谷　030801)
关键词:小麦;春化;发育机制
中图分类号:Q344　　　文献标识码:A　　　文章编号:0253-9772(2001)-01-0062-01
Preliminary Study on the Mechanism
of the Vernalization Development in Wheat
YIN Jun ,REN Jiang-ping ,DONG Ai-xiang
(Shan xi Agricultural Un iversity , Taigu 030801 , China)
　　Three w heat varieties different in development proper ties
w ere treated by means of vernalization , de-vernalization and their
protein ex tracts w ere analy zed by SDS-PAGE.The results
show ed tha t vernalization and de-vernalization trea tment not on-
ly increased the amount of soluble proteins , but also induced
some new proteins(53.2 kDa , 46 kDa)in tw o winter wheat va-
rieties Mercia and Jing 841.The two new proteins also existed
in spring w heat , but were absent in w inter wheat before vernal-
ization.The pero xidase and esterase isoenzyme activity also in-
creased in the vernalization process , indicating that peroxidase
and esterase activity may be required for vernalization of w inter
wheat.Glucose-6-phosphate isoenzyme activity changes may al-
so be related to vernalization development of winter wheat.
However , superoxide dismutase (SOD)isoenzyme activity w as
not changed by vernalization treatment.These results demon-
strated that the vernalization was a process that involved changes
in gene expression , pro tein synthesis and enzyme activities.
非 Robertsonian类型小黑麦易位系的研究
胡　含
(中国科学院遗传研究所植物细胞与染色体工程国家重点实验室 ,北京 100101)
关键词:小黑麦;易位系
中图分类号:Q343　　　文献标识码:A　　　文章编号:0253-9772(2001)-01-0062-02
About non-Robertsonian wheat-rye chromosome translocation lines
HU Han
(S tate Key Laboratory of Plant Cel l and Ch romosome Eng ineering , Insti tute of Genetics CAS , Bei jing 100101 , Ch ina)
　　Plant geneticists and breeders pay great attention to the in-
vestigation of translocation lines , because it involves the study of
chromosomal structure and function , and the transfer of alien
chromosomal fragments (genes)into wheat.Excellent translo-
62 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　遗　传 HEREDITAS(Beijing)　2001　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　23卷
DOI :10.16288/j.yczz.2001.01.043
cation lines do have direct application in breeding programs.The
principles and methods of inducing chromosome translocation
lines have been reviewed.The techniques used in inducing chro-
mosomal translocations can be classified into two major types.
1.Regulating the activity of the Ph gene to facilitate the ex-
change between homoeologous chromosomes so as to create
translocation lines.2.Exploitation of irradiation , tissue culture
o r gametocidal chromosome induced chromosomal breakage and
reunion to obtain translocation lines.In the last decade , we ob-
tained many w heat-rye transloca tion lines from regenerated
pollen plants.Among the 10 translocation lines , there w ere 4
non-Robertsonian translocation lines. The non-Rober tsonian
translo cation lines , were identified using a range of techniques ,
including C-banding , in situ hybridization and genome or chro-
mosome-specific molecular markers.Based on our investiga-
tio ns , we conclude that the non-Rober tsonian translocation lines
arising from anther culture w ere the products of abnormal mito-
sis in in v itro cultured cells.
小麦 6B染色体的微切割与其区域特异性 DNA文库的构建
周奕华 ,王　槐 ,陈正华
(中国科学院遗传研究所 ,北京 100101)
关键词:小麦;微切割;染色体;DNA
中图分类号:Q343　　　文献标识码:A　　　文章编号:0253-9772(2000)-01-0063-01
Micro-dissection of Wheat Chromosome 6B and
Construction of Its Region Specific DNA Libraries
ZHOU Yi-hua ,WANG Huai ,CHEN Zheng-hua
(Insti tute of Genetics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China)
　　Chromosome 6B of w heat(Triticum aestivum L.)of cul-
tiv ar” Chinese Spring” w as dissected into four fragments(R1 ～
R4)by laser microbeam.Then , each of the four fragments w as
isolated and amplified in v itro via Sau3A linker-adapter-mediat-
ed PCR for two rounds.Using wheat genomic DNA as probe ,
southern hybridization confirmed that the chromosomal frag-
ments were successfully amplified.A set of microsatellite
primers that w ould amplify microsatellites in defined chromoso-
mal locations (kindly provided by Prof.M.D.Gale of the John
Innes Center)was adopted to verify the chromosomal origin of
the PCR products.The results showed that the amplified prod-
ucts from R1 and R2 were , indeed , from the respective dissect-
ed regions.Furthermore , CISS (chromosome in situ suppres-
sion hybridization)was also employed to verify the location of
the PCR products.The PCR products w ere found to hybridize
to the specific regions of 6B , indicating that the products con-
tained region-specific sequences.Following the micro-dissection ,
four chromosomal region-specific DNA libraries w ere generated
by cloning the second round of the PCR products into a plasmid
vector.The resulted libraries were characterized in several as-
pects.Approximately 2.1 ×105 ～ 2.93 ×105 recombinant
clones were present in each of the four libraries.The size of in-
ser ts varied from 300 to 1800 bp(with an average leng th of 850
bp).43%～ 48% of inser ts hybridized to single/ low copy se-
quences , w hereas 42%～ 47% represented medium/ high copy
ones.The clones in these libraries could provide a source of chro-
mosomal region-specific probes for genetic mapping and fo r
study ing the structure of chromosome 6B in the future.
631 期　　　　　　　　　　　　　李振声等:小麦分子与细胞遗传学研讨会论文摘要