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海洋红藻鸭毛藻化学成分研究



全 文 : Marine Sciences/Vol.31,No.5/2007 17
海洋红藻鸭毛藻化学成分研究
段小娟 1, 2,李晓明 1,王斌贵 1
(1. 中国科学院 海洋研究所 实验海洋生物学重点实验室,山东 青岛 266071; 2. 中国科学院 研究生院,
北京 100049)
摘要: 采用正相硅胶柱层析、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱层析、反相 HPLC及重结晶等手段,
从鸭毛藻(Symphyocladia latiuscula)中分离获得 6个化合物,通过一维和二维核磁共振等
现代波谱技术鉴定了全部化合物的结构,分别为:焦谷氨酸乙酯(1)、4-杜松烯-1-醇(2)、
胆甾醇(3)、6, 10, 14-三甲基-2-十五酮(4)、1, 2-棕榈酸甘油二酯(5)和 15-羟甲基-2, 6, 10,
18, 22, 26, 30-七甲基-14-甲烯基-17-三十一烯(6)。以上化合物均为首次从该属海藻中分离
鉴定。

关键词: 鸭毛藻(Symphyocladia latiuscula);化学成分;结构鉴定
中图分类号:Q58 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1000-3096(2007)05-0017-03


鸭毛藻(Symphyocladia latiuscula (Harv.) Yam.)
系红藻门、红藻纲、仙菜目、松节藻科、鸭毛藻属海
藻, 广泛分布于中国黄海以及日本、韩国等沿海地
区。主要生长在潮间带的岩石上,生长盛期为 6~7
月。国内外学者曾对采自中国大连、韩国和日本的鸭
毛藻的化学成分进行了研究,从中分离得到溴酚类化
合物[1~4]。作者通过活性筛选,发现采自青岛沿海的
松节藻科海洋红藻鸭毛藻具有显著的抗氧化、清除自
由基的活性,在相同的浓度条件下其活性优于阳性对
照[5]。通过进一步的化学成分研究,利用正相硅胶柱
层析、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱层析、反相 HPLC及重
结晶等分离纯化手段,从中分离获得 6个化合物,运
用核磁共振等波谱技术鉴定其结构分别为焦谷氨酸
乙酯(1)、4-杜松烯-1-醇(2)、胆甾醇(3)、6, 10, 14-
三甲基-2-十五酮(4)、1, 2-棕榈酸甘油二酯(5)和
15-羟甲基-2, 6, 10, 18, 22, 26, 30-七甲基-14-甲烯基
-17-三十一烯(6),结构式如图 1所示。以上化合物
均为首次从该属海藻中分离鉴定。
1 材料与方法
1.1 生物样品
鸭毛藻于 2004 年 5 月采自青岛海域,由中国科
学院海洋研究所夏邦美研究员、丁兰平博士鉴定,标
本现存放于中国科学院海洋研究所实验海洋生物学
重点实验室(编号 HZ03121)。
1.2 仪器和试剂
NMR用 Bruker Avance 500 MHz核磁共振仪测
定; HPLC 采用戴安(Dionex)高压液相色谱仪系
统 [Dionex P680 输液泵、ASI-100 自动进样器、
UVD340U二极管阵列检测器、C18柱(5 µm, 8.0 mm×
250 mm)]。分析、制备 HPLC使用溶剂为色谱纯有
机溶剂;柱层析硅胶(200~300目)和薄层层析硅胶
板均为青岛海洋化工厂生产;凝胶 Sephadex LH-20
为 Amersham Pharmacia Biotech AB 生产;显色剂为
茴香醛-硫酸显色剂。
1.3 提取与分离
将常温阴干的海藻样品(2.52 kg)粉碎,用 95%
乙醇室温浸泡提取 3 次,然后再用甲醇-氯仿(1:1)

收稿日期:2006-11-06;修回日期:2007-02-02
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(30530080);山东省科技
发展计划项目(2006GG2205023)
作者简介: 段小娟(1982-),女,内蒙古乌兰察布人,硕士,主要
从事海洋天然产物方面研究,电话:0532-82898890,E-mail:
dxj828_2004@163.com; 王斌贵,通讯作者,电话:0532-82898553,
E-mail:wangbg@ms.qdio.ac.cn
海洋科学/2007年/第 31卷/第 5期 18
混合溶剂浸泡提取 3次,每次 3 d,将提取液合并后
低温减压浓缩得浸膏 410 g。浸膏悬浮于蒸馏水中,
分别用石油醚、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇萃取,得石油醚相
(32.5 g)、乙酸乙酯相(108.0 g)和正丁醇相(23.8
g)。取石油醚相干法上样进行正相硅胶柱色谱分离,
用石油醚-乙酸乙酯 (100 : 0-0 : 100)梯度洗脱,得
11个组分 A~K。组分 D、E、I经反复硅胶柱层析,
制备薄层层析,Sephadex LH-20和 HPLC分离纯化得
到化合物 2(18.1 mg),化合物 3(50.2 mg),化合物
4(4.2 mg),化合物 5(27.2 mg)和化合物 6(21.7 mg)。
同样,乙酸乙酯相干法上样进行正相硅胶柱色谱分
离,用氯仿-甲醇 (100 : 0-0 : 100)梯度洗脱,得 9个
组分 A~I。组分 F经反复硅胶柱层析、制备薄层层析、
Sephadex LH-20和 HPLC分离纯化得到化合物 1(6.2
mg)。









图 1 化合物 1–6的结构式
Fig. 1 Structures of compounds 1–6
图 1 化合物 1~6的结构式
Fig. 1 Structures of compounds 1~6

2 物理常数与波谱数据
化合物 1:无色油状物; 1H NMR (CDCl3) δ 6.44
(1H, brs, NH), 4.22 (3H, m, H-2′, 5), 2.46 (1H, m, H-4a),
2.36 (2H, m, H-3), 2.23 (1H, m, H-4b), 1.28 (3H, t, J =
7.1 Hz, H-3′); 13C NMR (CDCl3) δ 177.77 (s, C-2),
171.93 (s, C-1′), 61.63 (t, C-2′), 55.40 (d, C-5), 29.17
(t, C-3), 24.78 (t, C-4), 14.09 (q, C-3′)。其波谱数据与
文献[6]中报道的焦谷氨酸乙酯数据基本一致。
化合物 2:无色油状物; 1H NMR (CDCl3) δ 5.28
(1H, dq, J = 3.5, 1.4 Hz, H-5), 2.08 (1H, dd, J = 9.0, 3.5
Hz, H-6), 2.01 (2H, m, H-2), 1.96 (1H, m, H-12), 1.78
(1H, m, H-10), 1.65 (3H, s, H-11), 1.53 (2H, m, H-9),
1.45 (1H, tt, J = 9.0, 4.5 Hz, H-7), 1.36 (2H, m, H-3) 1.30
(2H, m, H-8), 0.93 (3H, d, J = 7.0 Hz, H-15), 0.89 (3H,
d, J = 7.0 Hz, H-14), 0.73 (3H, d, J = 7.0 Hz, H-13); 13C
NMR (CDCl3) δ 135.10 (s, C-4), 119.77 (d, C-5), 70.68
(s, C-1), 45.99 (d, C-7), 39.81 (d, C-6), 39.78 (d, C-10),
32.05 (t, C-3), 30.15 (t, C-9), 26.80 (t, C-2), 25.90 (d,
C-12), 24.07 (t, C-8), 23.65 (q, C-11), 21.34 (q, C-14),
15.00 (q, C-13), 14.86 (q, C-15)。其波谱数据与文献[7]
中报道的 4-杜松烯-1-醇数据基本一致。
化合物 3:无色针状结晶; 1H NMR (Me2CO-d6) δ
5.31 (1H, dd, J = 4.2, 4.8 Hz, H-6), 3.39 (1H, m, H-3),
1.02 (3H, s, H-19), 0.94 (3H, d, J = 6.5 Hz, H-21), 0.87
(3H, d, J = 6.4 Hz, H-27), 0.86 (3H, d, J = 6.6 Hz, H-26),
0.72 (3H, s, H-18); 13C NMR (Me2CO-d6) δ 142.42 (s,
C-5), 121.58 (d, C-6), 71.81 (d, C-3), 57.70 (d, C-14),
57.14 (d, C-17), 51.35 (d, C-9), 43.40 (t, C-4), 42.22 (s,
C-13), 40.71 (t, C-12), 40.30 (t, C-24), 38.32 (t, C-1),
37.05 (t, C-22), 36.61 (d, C-20), 36.45 (s, C-10), 32.97
(d, C-8), 32.75 (t, C-2), 32.60 (t, C-7), 30.00 (t, C-23),
28.72 (d, C-25), 25.03 (t, C-16), 24.61 (t, C-15), 23.10
(q, C-27), 22.86 (q, C-26), 21.94 (t, C-11), 19.83 (q,
C-19), 19.17 (q, C-21), 12.28 (q, C-18)。其波谱数据与
文献[8]中报道的胆甾醇的数据基本一致。
Marine Sciences/Vol.31,No.5/2007 19
化合物 4:无色油状物; 1H NMR (CDCl3) δ 2.41
(2H, t, J = 6.6 Hz, H-3), 2.13 (3H, s, H-1), 1.53~1.07
(19H, m, H-4~14), 0.86 (6H, d, J = 6.7 Hz, H-15, 18),
0.84 (6H, d, J = 6.6 Hz, H-16, 17); 13C NMR (CDCl3) δ
209.42 (s, C-2), 44.16 (t, C-3), 39.37 (t, C-13), 37.41 (t,
C-11), 37.29 (t, C-9), 37.24 (t, C-7), 36.50 (t, C-5),
32.79 (d, C-10), 32.68 (d, C-6), 29.86 (q, C-1), 27.98 (d,
C-14), 24.80 (t, C-12), 24.43 (t, C-8), 22.72 (q, C-18),
22.63 (q, C-15), 21.45 (t, C-4), 19.75 (q, C-17), 19.59 (q,
C-16)。其理化性质和波谱数据与文献[9]中报道的 6,
10, 14-三甲基-2-十五酮数据基本一致。
化合物 5:无色蜡状固体; 1H NMR (CDCl3) δ
5.22 (1H, m, J = 6.1 Hz, H-2), 4.35 (1H, dd, J = 11.8,
4.3 Hz, H-1a), 4.22 (1H, dd, J = 11.9, 5.6 Hz, H-1b),
3.68 (1H, dd, J = 11.7, 5.4 Hz, H-3a), 3.63 (1H, dd, J =
12.1, 5.4 Hz, H-3b), 2.33 (4H, t, J = 7.3 Hz, H-2′,2″),
2.00 (1H, brs, OH), 1.62 (4H, m, H-3′,3″), 1.28~1.25
(48H, m, H-4′~15′, 4″~15″), 0.88 (6H, t, J = 6.1 Hz,
H-16′, 16″); 13C NMR (CDCl3) δ 173.34 (s, C-1″),
172.94 (s, C-1′), 70.36 (d, C-2), 62.36 (t, C-1), 61.60 (t,
C-3), 34.30 (t, C-2″), 34.19 (t, C-2′), 29.82~29.20 (t,
C-4′~14′, 4″~14″), 25.02 (t, C-3′, 3″), 22.83 (t, C-15′,
15″), 14.24 (q, C-16′, 16″)。其波谱数据与文献[10]中报
道的 1, 2-棕榈酸甘油二酯数据基本一致。
化合物 6:无色油状物; 1H NMR (CDCl3) δ 5.10
(1H, t, J = 6.2 Hz, H-17), 4.94 (1H, s, CH2-14a), 4.84
(1H, s, CH2-14b), 3.56 (2H, m, CH2-15) 2.27 (1H, m,
H-15), 2.12 (2H, m, H-16), 1.94 (4H, m, H-13, 19), 1.59
(3H, s, CH3-18), 1.52 (2H, m, H-2, 30), 1.28 (4H, m,
H-6, 10, 22, 26), 0.86 (9H, d, J = 6.5 Hz, 3×Me), 0.84
(12H, d, J = 6.6 Hz, 4×Me) and 0.82 (3H, d, J = 6.1 Hz,
Me); 13C NMR (CDCl3) δ 150.05 (s, C-14), 136.79 (s,
C-18), 121.97 (d, C-17), 110.62 (t, CH2-14), 64.10 (t,
CH2-15), 48.67 (d, C-15), 40.07 (t, C-19), 39.37 (t, C-3,
29), 37.44 (t, C-5, 27), 37.42 (t, C-7, 25), 37.29 (t, C-9,
23), 36.91 (t, C-11), 36.66 (t, C-21), 34.85 (t, C-13),
32.80 (d, C-6, 26), 32.75 (d, C-22), 32.70 (d, C-10),
29.05 (t, C-16), 27.97 (d, C-2, 30), 25.38 (t, C-20),
25.27 (t, C-12), 24.79 (t, C-4, 28), 24.49 (t, C-8, 24),
22.71 (q, CH3-2, 30), 22.62 (q, C-1, 31), 19.74 (q,
CH3-6, 10, 22, 26), 16.06(q, CH3-18)。
其波谱数据与文献[11]中所报道的 15-羟甲基-2,6,10,
18,22,26,30-七甲基-14-甲烯基-17-三十一烯数据基本
一致。
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(下转第 38页)
海洋科学/2007年/第31卷/第5期 38
Clay mineral composition and palaeoclimate signification of
the core SYDP103 in the Yellow Sea

CHEN Zheng-xin, HUANG Hai-yan, LI Shao-quan, QU Gao-sheng, LIU Xin-bo
(Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology, Qingdao, 266071,China)
Received:Nov.,2,2005
Key words: clay mineral; climate; depositional environment; the Yellow Sea

Abstract:The composition characteristic of the clay mineral in the core SYDP103 is most of the samples
consisted of illite, chlorite, kaolinite and montmorillonite, which are sourced from the redeposite of the clay mineral in
the Changjiang River, surrounding terreginous materials in origin and neighbouring sea areas. The dominate dynamic is
eddying motion for sediment environment of the clay mineral in the study area.The distribution characteristic and
change in content of this core SYDP103 have distinct corresponding relationship with spore assemblages from the last
glacial stage. It was reflected that the climate characteristic determines the composition of clay mineral, which is
coincident with four climatic stages of global(Boreal period, Atlantic period, Sub-Boreal period,Sub-Atlantic period)
in the Holocene.
(本文编辑:刘珊珊)


(上接第 19页)

Chemical constituents of the red alga Symphyocladia
latiuscula
DUAN Xiao-juan1, 2, LI Xiao-ming1, WANG Bin-gui1
(1. Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences,
Qingdao 266071, China; 2. Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China)
Received: Nov., 6, 2006
Key words: Symphyocladia latiuscula; chemical constituents; structure elucidation

Abstract: Six compounds, namely, pyroglutamic acid ethyl ester (1), 4-cadinen-1-ol (2), 3-beta-hydroxyl-cho-
lest-5-en (3), 6, 10, 14-trimethylpentadecan-2-one (4), 1, 2-O-dipalmitoyl-glycerol (5), and 15-hydroxymethyl-2, 6, 10,
18, 22, 26, 30-heptamethyl-14-methylene-17-hentriacontene (6), were isolated from the red alga Symphyocladia
latiuscula. Compounds 1~6 were obtained by normal phase silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography
and by reverse phase HPLC techniques. Their structures were identified by spectroscopic methods including 1D and 2D
NMR. Compounds 1~6 were isolated from this species for the first time.
(本文编辑:张培新)