Several isozymes of different seeds within individual plants of 3 species of Caragana Lam. distributed respectively in typical grassland, desertified grassland, and desert areas of Nei Mongol were analyed by using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. A considerable variation of isozymes had been observed among different seeds in individual plants which showed a codominant segregation of zymograms among 77 plants tested without exception, thus enabling genetic analysis of isozymes became possible. It also indicated an outbreed property of Caragana in natural populations. Variation in seed protein subunits was further detected within individual plants by denaturation gel electrophoresis. Conversely, no seed protein variation has been found among different seeds within individual plants of the wild soybean ( Glycine soja Sieb. et Zucc.) and wild green gram (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) being concordant with their inbreeding. A low variation in seed proteins of Albizzia julibrissin Durazz., Winteria sinensis Sweet.,and Magnolia denudata Desr. was seen among differentseeds in individual plants which showed their mixed mating system. The data presented here suggested that electrophoretic analysis of seed protein is a simple, quick and cheap method to detect mating systems of plants.
植株内种子蛋白多样性与繁育系统
周永刚* 王洪新 胡志昂**
（中国科学院植物研究所，北京100093）
摘要：用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析了 3种锦鸡儿属植物种子的同工酶。分布在典型草原上的小叶锦鸡儿 (Cara ganamicrophylla Lam .)、典型荒漠的柠条锦鸡儿 (C .korshinskiiKom .)或荒漠草原的中间锦鸡儿 (C .intermediaKuanget H .C .Fu) ,同一植株不同单粒种子的酶谱表现显著的变异 ,类似于经典遗传分析中互显性等位基因分离现象 ,77株植株无一例外 ,因此可以进行遗传分析 ,同时也充分证明了锦鸡儿在自然群体的异交性。用变性胶分析了锦鸡儿单粒种子的种子蛋白亚基 ,同样显示显著的植株内变异 ,77株植株无一例外。说明种子蛋白电泳也可以用于异交性的检测。典型自交植物野生大豆 (GlycinesojaSieb .etZucc .)和逸为野生的绿豆 (Vignaradiata (L .)Wilczek) ,同一植株的不同种子有完全一样的种子蛋白亚基组成。合欢 (AlbizziajulibrissinDurazz .)、紫藤 (WisteriasinensisSweet.)和玉兰 (MagnoliadenudataDesr.)植株内种子蛋白表现出低水平的变异 ,说明其兼性的繁育系统。据此提出植株内种子蛋白电泳可望作为检测植物繁育系统的一种简单、快速、廉价的方法。
关键词： 同工酶；种子蛋白；电泳；植株内变异；繁育系统
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