Abstract:The 1TS1 and ITS2 of rDNA of four diploid species, newly Triticum urartu Thum. (AA), T. monococcum var. boeoticum (Boiss.) MK (AA),Aegilops speltoides Tausch. (BB) and Ae. taus&ii Coss. (DD), the most possible donors of A, B and D genomes to broad wheat ( T. aestivum), were amplified by PCR, cloned and sequenced. Some published sequences were discussed and rectified. The length of ITS1 sequences in four species was 221 to 223 bp, and that of 1TS2 was 216 to 217 bp. In pairwise sequence comparisons among four species, divergence ranged from 0.029 0 to 0.064 0 in ITS1, and from 0.009 3 to 0.058 0 in ITS2. Based on ITS1, ITS2 and 1TS1 + ITS2 data respectively, the same most parsimony tree that is congruent with the phylogenetic relationships was generated which was concordant with their morphological and cytological characteristics. In the trees, T. urartu and T. monococcum var. boeoticum constituted one monophyly, whereas two species of the genus Aegilops, Ac. speltoides and Ac. tauschii, fortmed another mono- phyly but with lower bootstrap value than the first clade. This study suggests that ITS region is a useful molecular marker in the studies on the origin and evolution of Triticum.