Abstract:The essential oils of the rhizomes from natural A. macrocephala and its tissus culture have been extracted. The chemical components of these essential oils have been determined and compared by TLC and GC-MSD. Their chemical components are identical and thirteen components have been identified as β-humulene, ρ-elemol, α-humulene, α-curcumene, 3β-ace-toxyatractylon and isobutenolide, A, selina-4(14)-7(ll) diene-8-one, atractylon, anhydrobutenolide, palmitic acid, butenolid A, eudesmol and hydroxybutenolide. Six compounds are first reported containing in A. macrocephala.