In the present revision of the sect.  Cheiropsis are recognized 22 species and 23 varieties, which are keyed, described, and illustrated, and the classification of this section proposed by Wang (2000b) is followed with no change. The brief taxonomic history, the evolutionary trends of the important morphological characters, and the geographical distribution of the section are given. The phenomenon that the pedunculate, bibracteate cyme is reduced to a single only pedicellate flower in the Clematis is discussed, and five modes of origin of the only pedicellate flower are discerned.