全 文 : Guihaia Jun. 2016ꎬ 36 (增刊 1): 85-87
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【原文刊载】 “东川铁线莲ꎬ 云南毛茛科一新种”已发表于«广西植物»ꎬ 2014ꎬ 34(3): 287-289.
东川铁线莲ꎬ 云南毛茛科一新种
王文采
( 中国科学院植物研究所 系统与进化植物学国家重点实验室ꎬ 北京 100093 )
摘 要: 描述了自云南东北部发现的毛茛科铁线莲属一新种ꎬ东川铁线莲ꎮ 此种由于其叶为单叶ꎬ萼片直立ꎬ
雄蕊的花丝和花药均被短柔毛而与曲柄铁线莲近缘ꎬ与后者的区别在于其叶呈心状卵形ꎬ叶缘具粗牙齿ꎬ花序
为二歧聚伞花序ꎬ以及花药顶端钝ꎬ不具短尖头ꎮ
关键词: 毛茛科ꎬ 铁线莲属ꎬ 新种ꎬ 云南
中图分类号: Q949.746 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1000 ̄3142(2016)增刊 1 ̄0085 ̄03
Clematis dongchuanensisꎬ a new species
of Ranunculaceae from Yunnan
WANG Wen ̄Tsai
( State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botanyꎬ Institute of Botanyꎬ
Chinese Academy of Sciencesꎬ Beijing 100093ꎬ China )
Abstract: A species of the genus Clematis (Ranunculaceae)ꎬC. dongchuanensisꎬis described as new from northeastern
Yunnan. In having simple leavesꎬerect sepals and puberulous filaments and anthers of stamens this species is related to
C. repens Finet & Gagnep.ꎬand from the latter differs in its cordate ̄ovate and coarsely dentate leavesꎬdichotomous
cymesꎬand obtuseꎬnot apiculate apexes of anthers.
Key words: Ranunculaceaeꎬ Clematisꎬ new speciesꎬ Yunnan
东川铁线莲 图 1
Clematis dongchuanensis W. T. Wangꎬ sp.
nov. Fig. 1.
sect. Viorna ( Reichb.) Prantl subsect.
Connatae Koehne
Ob folia simpliciaꎬsepala erectaꎬet staminum fila ̄
menta antherasque omnino puberulas species nova haec
est affinis C. repenti Finet & Gagnep.ꎬquae foliis sim ̄
plicibus vel folii ternati foliolis ellipticis indivisis basi
late cuneatis vel rotundatis raro subcordatis margine
sparse denticulatis vel integrisꎬ cymis axillaribus 1 ̄
florisꎬ sepalis dorso glabrisꎬ antheris apice apiculatis
facile differt.
Woody vine. Stem 1-2 m long (according to the
collector)ꎻbranchlets slenderꎬca. 1 mm acrossꎬsparsely
puberulous. Leaves oppositeꎬsimpleꎻblades paperyꎬcor ̄
date ̄ovate or pentagonal ̄ovateꎬ9-12 cm longꎬ4-6.5 cm
broadꎬ apex acuminateꎬ base cordateꎬ 3 ̄lobedꎻ central
lobe largerꎬovateꎬ6-8 cm longꎬwith margin unequally
coarsely dentateꎬ lateral lobes smallerꎬ obliquely
flabellateꎬ unequally 2 ̄lobulateꎬwith margin unequally
coarsely dentateꎻ surfaces adaxially sparsely strigilloseꎬ
收稿日期: 2013 ̄03 ̄20 修回日期: 2013 ̄08 ̄15
作者简介: 王文采(1926 ̄)ꎬ男ꎬ研究员ꎬ中国科学院院士ꎬ著名植物分类学家ꎬ长期从事有花植物学分类学研究ꎮ
图 1 东川铁线莲 A. 部分枝条ꎻ B. 聚散花序ꎻ C. 萼片(背面观)ꎻ D. 雄蕊ꎻ E. 心皮ꎮ (孙英宝绘图)
Fig. 1 Clematis dongchuanensis A. Part of a branchꎻ B. Cymeꎻ C. Sepal (dorsal view)ꎻ D. Stamenꎻ E. Carpel. (Drawn by SUN Ying ̄Bao)
abaxially appressed ̄pubescentꎻ venation trinervedꎬwith
nerves nearly flatꎻ petioles 4-6.5 cm longꎬsparsely pu ̄
berulous. Dichotomous cyme terminal (?)ꎬ ca. 15 cm
broadꎬthree times branchedꎬca. 12 ̄floweredꎻpeduncle
ca. 7 cm longꎬsubglabrousꎻbracts 2 oppositeꎬlanceolate ̄
linearꎬca. 8 mm longꎬ1 mm broadꎬabaxially sparsely
68 广 西 植 物 36卷
pubescentꎬbase decurrent and auriculateꎻbranches and
pedicels glabrousꎻbracts of branches oppositeꎬlinearꎬ2.5
- 5. 8 mm longꎬ puberulousꎻ pedicels 0. 35 - 6. 5 cm
long. Flower slightly pendulous: Calyx broadly campan ̄
ulateꎻsepals 4ꎬerectꎬyellow ̄green (according to the col ̄
lector)ꎬoblong ̄ovateꎬ13-15 mm longꎬ5-6 mm broadꎬ
adaxially and abaxially densely appressed ̄puberulousꎬ
apex obtuseꎬmargin above velutinous.Stamens ca. 50ꎬ11
-13.2 mm longꎻfilaments narrow ̄linearꎬ9-10 mm longꎬ
ca. 0.4 mm broadꎬdensely puberulousꎬlongitudinally 1 ̄
nervedꎻanthers linearꎬ2.2-2.8 mm longꎬ0.4 mm broadꎬ
abaxially puberulousꎬapex obtuse. Carpels ca. 40ꎬca. 9
mm longꎻovaries ca. 1 mm longꎬappressed ̄pubescentꎻ
styles slenderꎬca. 8 mm longꎬbelow densely long seri ̄
ceous (with hairs 2-4.5 mm long)ꎬabove densely seri ̄
ceous ̄pubescent ( with hairs 0. 5 - 1 mm long)ꎬ apex
slightly thickened.
木质藤本ꎮ 茎长 1 ~ 2 m (据采集者)ꎻ小枝细ꎬ
粗约 1 mmꎬ疏被短柔毛ꎮ 叶对生ꎬ为单叶ꎻ叶片纸
质ꎬ心状卵形或五角状卵形ꎬ长 9 ~ 12 cmꎬ宽 4 ~ 6.5
cmꎬ顶端渐尖ꎬ基部心形ꎬ3 浅裂ꎬ中央裂片较长ꎬ卵
形ꎬ长 6 ~ 8 cmꎬ边缘有不等大的粗牙齿ꎬ侧裂片较
小ꎬ斜扇形ꎬ不等微 2裂ꎬ边缘有不等大的粗牙齿ꎬ上
面疏被短糙伏毛ꎬ下面被贴伏柔毛ꎬ三出脉ꎬ脉近平ꎻ
叶柄长 4~6.5 cmꎬ疏被短柔毛ꎮ 二歧聚伞花序顶生
(?)ꎬ宽约 15 cmꎬ三回分枝ꎬ约有 12 花ꎻ花序梗长约
7 cmꎬ近无毛ꎻ苞片 2ꎬ对生ꎬ披针状条形ꎬ长约 8
mmꎬ宽 1 mmꎬ下面疏被柔毛ꎬ基部下延ꎬ呈耳状ꎻ分
枝和花梗无毛ꎻ分枝的苞片对生ꎬ条形ꎬ长 2.5 ~ 5.8
mmꎬ被短柔毛ꎻ花梗长 0.35 ~ 6.5 cmꎮ 花稍下垂:花
萼宽钟状ꎻ萼片 4ꎬ直立ꎬ黄绿色(据采集者)ꎬ长圆状
卵形ꎬ长 13~15 mmꎬ宽 5~6 mmꎬ两面密被贴伏短柔
毛ꎬ顶端顿ꎬ边缘上部被短绒毛ꎮ 雄蕊约 50ꎬ长 11 ~
13.2 mmꎻ花丝狭条形ꎬ长 9~10 mmꎬ宽约 0.4 mmꎬ密
被短柔毛ꎬ具 1 条纵脉ꎻ花药条形ꎬ长 2.2 ~ 2.8 mmꎬ
宽 0.4 mmꎬ背面被短柔毛ꎬ顶端钝ꎮ 心皮约 40ꎬ长约
9 mmꎻ子房约 1 mmꎬ被贴伏柔毛ꎻ花柱细长ꎬ长约 8
mmꎬ下部密被长绢毛(毛长 2 ~ 4.5 mm)ꎬ上部密被
绢状柔毛 (毛长 0.5~1 mm)ꎬ顶端稍变粗ꎮ
云南 ( Yunnan ): 东川 ( Dongchuan )ꎬ 因民
(Yinmin)ꎬ小山脑 (Xiaoshannao)ꎬalt. 2290 mꎬ崖边
(by cliff)ꎬ藤本长 1~2 m (vine 1-2 m long)ꎬ花黄绿
色 ( fls. yellow ̄green )ꎬ 1984 ̄09 ̄11ꎬ蓝顺彬 ( Lan
Shun ̄bin) 217 (holotypeꎬPE).
本种的叶为单叶ꎬ萼片直立ꎬ雄蕊花丝和花药均
被短柔毛ꎬ曲柄铁线莲(Clematis repens Finet & Gag ̄
nep.)也具上述形态特征ꎬ这种情况说明本种在亲缘
关系上接近曲柄铁线莲ꎬ与后者的区别是本种的叶
呈心状卵形ꎬ3 浅裂ꎬ边缘有粗牙齿ꎬ花序为具约 12
朵花的二歧聚伞花序ꎬ萼片两面密被短柔毛ꎬ雄蕊花
药顶端钝ꎬ无短尖头ꎮ 在曲柄铁线莲ꎬ其单叶或有时
为三出复叶的小叶均呈椭圆形ꎬ不分裂ꎬ基部宽楔形
或圆形ꎬ稀浅心形ꎬ边缘具少数小牙齿或全缘ꎬ聚伞
花序腋生ꎬ只具 1 花ꎬ萼片外面无毛ꎬ雄蕊花药顶端
有短尖头(方明渊ꎬ1980)ꎮ
致谢 深切感谢孙英宝先生为本文绘图ꎮ
参考文献:
FANG MYꎬ 1980. Clematis sect. Viorna [M] / / Flora Republicae
Popularis Sinicae. Bejing:Science Pressꎬ28:88-133. [方明渊ꎬ
1980. Clematis sect. Viorna[M] / /中国植物志. 北京:科学出版
社ꎬ28:88-133.]
( 上接第 232页 Continue from page 232 )
Wilson 于 2014 年编写出版的绿绒蒿属专著ꎬM. na ̄
paulensis特产尼泊尔ꎬ在中国不产ꎬ其叶基生并茎生ꎬ
羽状全裂或羽状深裂ꎬ与茎均被具短毛的硬毛ꎬ花组
成圆锥花序ꎬ每朵花具 4片黄色呈倒卵形的花瓣ꎬ与
本种大不相同ꎮ
致谢 深切感谢孙英宝先生为本文绘图ꎮ
参考文献:
GREY ̄WILSON Cꎬ 2014. The genus Meconopsis ̄Blue poppies and
their relatives [M]. KewꎬRoyal Botanic Gardens:Kew Publishing.
78增刊 1 王文采: 东川铁线莲ꎬ云南毛茛科一新种