全 文 ：Chinese Bulletin of Life Sciences
17 2
2005 4
Vol. 17, No. 2
Apr., 2005
( 100005)
S 2 4 5 Q 5 7 8 A
Cytoskeleton and glucose regulation
ZHANG Yong-Wei, LIU Zhuo, ZUO Jin, MENG Yan, FANG Fu-De*
(National Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences,
CAMS and PUMC, Beijing 100005, China)
Abstract: Cytoskeleton, consisted of microfilament, microtubule and intemediate filament, involves in a complex
physiology process glucose regulation, and plays an important role mainly in the following three aspects:
insulin secretion, insulin function and the intracellular distribution of glucose metabolism related enzymes. In
this essay, the relationship between cytoskeleton and glucose regulation will be reviewed.
Key words: cytoskeleton; glucose regulation; insulin
1004-0374(2005)02-0159-06
2004-06-10 2004-07-14
(30471930)
(1976 ) (1977 ) (1959 )
( 1 9 6 4 ) ( 1 9 4 1 ) *
1
(cytoskeleton)
(microfilament, MF)
(microtubule, MT) (intemediate filament, IF)
(actin) 7 nm
(actin filament)
(myosin)
(kinesin)
(dynein) 10 nm
160
2
β
[Ca2 ] 2~3 µM (<200 ms)
3~5
ready releasable pool
(RRP)
120
β
( )
- -
(1)
(2)
(3)
( 1 )
(large dense
core vesicle , LDCV)
ATP ATP
LDCV [1]
LDCV
LDCV
[1] -
[2]
β
C2 β
[3] SNARE (soluble N-ethylmalei-
mide-sensitive attachment protein receptor)
t-SNARE
- t-SNARE
[4]
C2 HIT-T15 (
β )
C2 β
[3]
1
I N S A C h G l u c o s e C K 2 2 M T M F K i n e s i n
CaMII II PKA cAMP MAP-2 2 Synapsin I
Cdc42 42 MyRIP VIIA Rab
/
G
II (calmodulin-dependent pro-
tein kinase II, CaM Kinase II) cAMP
(cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinases PKA)
β
MAP-2 Synapsin I β CaM
II PKA [5~9] MAP-2
[10~12] CaM II Synapsin
I [6,13]
-
[14~17]
β casein kinase 2
Ca2 calcineurin
[18] Rab27 Slac2c/MyRIP
Slac2c/MyRIP RNA
Rab27
[19] Cdc42 Rho GTPase
Cdc42
[20]
3 ( 2)
(insulin receptor substrate, IRS)
4 (glucose transporter 4 GLUT4)
(insulin receptor, INSR)
3.1 (insulin receptor
substrate IRS)
IRS
2
INSR INS IRS GLUT4 4 PI3K (-3)
162
(-3) (phosphatidylinositol
3-kinase PI3K)
IRS
IRS INSR
IRS INSR , IRS
PI3K
IRS
[21]
IRS
IRS
PI3K IRS
IRS
[21]
IRS
IRS /
[ 2 1 ]
3.2 4 (glucose transporter
4, GLUT4) GLUT4
GLUT4 (1) GLUT4
(2)
GLUT4 (3)
GLUT4 (4)
GLUT4
GLUT4
GLUT4
[22~27]
(membrane ruffling)
[22~24] GLUT4
GLUT4
GLUT4
GLUT4 PI3K akt-1
GLUT4 [28~29]
membrane ruffle
t-SNAREs syntaxin4 SNAP-23
GLUT4
[28]
PI3K G rac
Cbl \ Cbl-associated protein (CAP) \ TC10 α
[ 3 0 ]
GLUT4
[31~32] GLUT4
GLUT4 storage vesicles (GSVs) GSV
ATP [33~36]
GLUT4 [31,37]
α P I 3 K
PKC-λ Rab4 PI3K Rab5
GLUT4
[35~38]
GLUT4
[39]
3.3 (internalization)
-
latrunculin B
CHO-T ( INSR
) I N S R
INSR [40] INSR
fibronectin collagen laminin
-
I N S R
galectin-8 -
(fibrous actin, F-actin)
INSR
[ 4 0 ]
4
- [41~42]
[43~44]
[45] 4 (pantothe-
nate kinase 4 PANK4)
[46]
( F-actin)
glucose 1,6-bisphosphate
[47]
ATP
[48~49] STZ
[50]
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