作 者 ：程彬,孙晓玲,孔祥波,高长启*
期 刊 ：生态学报 2010年 30卷 14期 页码：3901~3911
Keywords:Chrysomelidae leaf beetle, volatiles, pheromone, touch, vision, olfaction,
摘 要 ：在复杂的生态环境中，叶甲科昆虫利用寄主植物的挥发物作为嗅觉信号，并协同视觉信号共同作用以提高其远距离搜寻和定位寄主的效率。叶甲科昆虫也释放信息素来调节同种或者异种个体的行为反应；找到寄主植物后，叶子的形态学特性和化学组分的浓度等接触性因素就会影响叶甲科昆虫对寄主植物的最终选择。叶甲对上述这些信号物质的反应也受叶甲本身状态的影响，如生殖、滞育、饥饿、交配以及取食等。叶甲科昆虫对寄主植物的搜寻、辨识和接受、取食以及繁殖的过程受一种或多种因素协同影响。从嗅觉、视觉和触觉等方面对叶甲科昆虫的定殖机制做一综述。
Abstract:In this paper, the main factors related to the host colonization of leaf beetles in Chrysomelidae were reviewed. In the host location process of the beetles, plant volatiles, especially herbivore-infested plant volatiles play an important role. Up to now, several Chrysomelids have been shown to orient preferably to herbivore-infested plants whose volatiles differ qualitatively and quantitatively from the undamaged plants and generally are much larger than the latter. Beetle pheromones can also regulate conspecific and heterospecefic behavioral responses. Both male and female adults in this family produce long-range pheromones, which include sex and aggregation pheromones. The pheromones are chemically diverse and consist of either single compound or a blend. Recent studies on Chrysomelid chemical communication have revealed that only male adults produced aggregation pheromones attractive to both sexes and that specific host plant volatiles have a synergistic role with sex or aggregation pheromones. In addition to chemical signals stated as above, the shape and color of the host plants are also the distant signals by which the beetles locate the host. These visual cues have a synergistic role with olfactory cues when Chrysomelids locate the hosts. Once landing on the host plant, the leaf traits, such as morphological characteristics and chemical composition, will influence whether the beetle accepts the host plant or not. The morphological characteristics of the leaves affect the attachment ability of the beetle to the leaf surface. Generally, Chrysomelids like smooth leaf surface. The leaf beetles can also estimate the host suitability by perceiving leaf chemicals, which are mainly secondary metabolites of host plants. Host-specific compounds are sufficient to stimulate feeding. Behavior of Chrysomelids in response to these above signals may be affected by numerous factors, including the physiological status of the beetles, such as reproduction, diapause, hungry, mating or feeding experience. These factors have integrated effects on the host colonization of leaf beetles. For a better understanding of host plant colonization by Chrysomelid, future studies need address, in addition to ecological and behavioral aspects, the molecular mechanisms underlying interactions between host plants and the leaf beetles.
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