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作 者 ：刘学炎*,肖化云,刘丛强,唐从国

期 刊 ：生态学报 2009年 29卷 12期 页码：6646~6653

关键词：大气氮沉降；石生藓类；生物监测；城市地区；

Keywords:atmospheric nitrogen deposition, epilithic mosses, biomonitor, city area,

摘 要 ：对贵阳市区到农村地区的石生藓类氮含量进行了系统分析，并根据藓类氮含量（y,%）和大气氮沉降（x, kg hm-2 a-1）的平均定量关系（y=0.052x+0.7325）计算了各采样点的大气氮沉降值。贵阳地区大气氮沉降的变化范围为0.91~44.69kg hm-2 a-1，市区大气氮沉降最高平均(29.21±6.17)kg hm-2 a-1，主要来自城市废水NH3释放；最低平均(11.95±3.95)kg hm-2 a-1，出现在城市和农村的结合地带，主要原因在于来自市区的氮污染物减少、且大量分布了环城林带、农业活动相对较低；20km以外的农村地区大气氮沉降略微升高（平均(14.31±5.11)kg hm-2 a-1），主要反映了农业施肥导致NH3释放的增加。结果表明，石生藓类氮含量是一种经济可靠的大气氮沉降监测工具，能够较准确地量化大气氮沉降的水平，并为深入研究大气氮沉降的生态环境效应提供基础资料。

Abstract:Nitrogen concentration of epilithic mosses from the urban area to rural area at Guiyang was investigated systematically, and the level of atmospheric N deposition at each sampling site was calculated according to the quantitative relationship (y=0.052x+0.7325) between moss N concentration (y,%) and atmospheric N deposition (x, kg hm-2 a-1). The level of atmospheric N deposition ranged between 0.91-44.69 kg hm-2 a-1. The highest value (average (2921±6.17) kg hm-2 a-1) occurred at urban area (0-5km), which was mainly derived from higher NH3 release from city wastewater. The lowest level ((11.95±3.95) kg hm-2 a-1, 15-30km) at the combining area between the urban and rural area was mainly related to the reduced urban N pollutants, broad distribution of forest belt around the urban and lower agricultural intensity. Slightly higher N deposition ((14.31±5.11) kg hm-2 a-1) re-emerged over 20km from the urban center, showing the increase of agricultural NH3 release in rural area caused by fertilizer application. Consequently, N concentration of epilithic mosses was an economic and reliable tool in monitoring atmospheric N deposition, which could exactly quantify the level of atmospheric N deposition and,provide basic information for further studying the ecological and environmental effects of atmospheric N deposition.

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