Abstract:Emmenopterys henryi, an endemic species in China, is one of the Chinese national second protective wild plants. This study was carried out in Dapan Mountain, a National Natural Reserve, Eastern China. To describe the structure and dynamics of population, 4 plots were established and field data were obtained by tally with contiguous grid quadrate method. The time-specific life table, size structure and height structure of E. henryi were analyzed. Finally, the population structure and distribution pattern of E. henryi were discussed on the basis of theoretical distributing model and assembling intensity index. The results showed that the population structure of E. henryi was a spindle type. The age structure of the population of E. henryi was declining due to lack of seedlings. There are two regeneration modes of E. henryi in forest: sexual and asexual reproduction, but the latter was the main mode. As to the distribution pattern of E. henryi, generally speaking, the E. henryi population was clump, but there are differences among various developmental stages: clump for saplings, random for adult trees and big trees. It was related to their biological and ecological characteristics. To increase accuracy, both methods of Greig-Smith and Kershaw were used to analyse the pattern scale of the population of E. henryi. It was showed in the results that the pattern scale was between 8S and 32S. At last, the analysis indicated that the spatial distribution pattern of E. henryi populations was decided mainly by the interaction among the biological, ecological property and environmental factors and so on. Determined by the combined impact of these factors, the populations of E. henryi become typical small ones.