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作 者 ：丁琦,白红英,李西祥,路莉

期 刊 ：生态学报 2007年 27卷 7期 页码：2823~2831

关键词：作物；土壤N2O排放；影响效应；根系；

Keywords:crop, N2O emission from soil, influential effect,

摘 要 ：以冬小麦田耕作层原状土为研究对象，采用了室内培养实验的方法，观测了小麦生长期不同阶段根系对土壤N₂O排放的影响，及对土壤N₂O排放的水、热效应的影响。结果表明，在实验的各个时期土壤N₂O平均排放通量麦田均高于休耕地，在孕穗期麦田N₂O排放通量出现最大值；而随根系质量和活性下降，生殖后期N₂O排放量减少。小麦主根区与行间土壤N₂O排放量存在差异，其主要表现在孕穗期，行间N₂O排放通量是主根区的5.64倍，但开花期和成熟期差异表现并不明显。在小麦开花期和成熟期土壤N₂O排放温度效应受作物根系的影响显著，而孕穗期不明显。小麦根系对水分效应影响主要集中表现在15～20cm的土层。同时，研究还发现种植小麦使土壤中N₂O排放的主要区域扩大。

Abstract:A laboratory soil incubation experiment, was conducted using soil from a wheat field in Shaanxi Province，to study, the influence of wheat roots soil moisture and temperature on N₂O emission from soil. The results indicated that. N₂O flux was higher in soil containing wheat plants compared to unplanted (fallow) treatments during the entire growth period. Maximum N₂O flux occurred at the booting stage, and then decreased as root activity decreased in later growth stages. N₂O emission in the main root-zone and the inter-row was different. The largest differences occurred at the booting stage, when the flux of N₂O between plants was 5.64 times more than in the main root-zone. There was no difference in N₂O emission form planted and unplanted treatments at flowering and maturity. During the latter two stages, temperature effects due to wheat roots had a significant effect on N₂O emission. Moisture effects due to roots were significant in the 15-20cm layer. The results also indicated that N₂O increased due to the activity of wheat roots in the soil.

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