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作 者 ：汪殿蓓,暨淑仪,陈飞鹏,邢福武,彭少麟

期 刊 ：生态学报 2003年 23卷 7期 页码：1415~1422

关键词：天然森林群落；物种多样性；群落组成结构；群落演替；深圳；

Keywords:natural forest community, plant species diversity, community composition and structure, forest succession, Shenzhen City,

摘 要 ：对南山区 5个主要天然森林群落 (铁榄群落、鼠刺 +降真香群落、鸭脚木群落、假苹婆群落、水翁 +假苹婆群落 )的组成结构及物种多样性进行分析 ,并与相邻的香港地区地带性森林群落 (黄桐群落 )作比较。结果表明 ,依照亚热带及南亚热带森林群落演替规律 ,南山区天然林处于不同的演替发育阶段 :铁榄群落处于演替第 3阶段 ;鼠刺 +降真香群落处于第 4阶段 ;其它 3个群落处于第 5阶段 ,均未达到稳定的顶极群落阶段。随着铁榄群落、鼠刺 +降真香群落、鸭脚木群落、假苹婆群落、水翁 +假苹婆群落这个演替序列 ,物种丰富度的变化规律是 :先逐渐上升 ,到达一个峰值 ,再缓慢下降。 Shannon- Wiener指数和 Pielous均匀度指数的变化规律与物种丰富度相同 ,Simpson指数变化曲线与这些指数相反 ,但这些指数反映的结果是一致的。综合多个指数分析 ,鸭脚木群落物种多样性最大 ,即当群落中阳生性树种与中生性树种优势度相差不大时 ,群落具有最大的物种多样性。多样性比较结果显示 ,南山森林群落物种多样性大大低于香港黄桐群落 ,5个群落的 Shannon- Wiener指数在 2 .0 4～ 2 .95 3之间,明显低于黄桐群落，其Shannon-Wiener指数为4.74；Simpson指数0.1~0.268,黄桐群落为0.05；Pielous均匀度指数64.2%~74%，黄桐群落为79%。南山森林群落物种多样性水平低下的状况与长期的人类干扰有关，必须尽快采取“封山育林”等相应措施来促进群落的保护和恢复。

Abstract:Studies on the species diversity of five subtropical natural forest communities in south China were conducted based on the data of plots. Special attention has been paid to the compositions and ecological characteristics of species. Comparisons were made between them and the Hong Kong zonal forest. According to the succession process of subtropical and low subtropical forest, we speculated that the five forest communities were at various stages, and had not reached the climax. Sinosideroxylon Community ...

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