---

作 者 ：武德传, 王维洁, 施寒丰, 宋泽民, 陈永安, 张西仲, 李章海, 江玉平

期 刊 ：核农学报 2016年 30卷 8期 页码：1625-1632

关键词：喀斯特山地；植烟土壤养分；空间变异；分区；

Keywords:Karst mountainous area, tobacco soil nutrient, spatial variability, management zone,

摘 要 ：为揭示喀斯特山地植烟土壤养分空间变异特征并进行分区管理,利用地统计学和模糊C-均值聚类算法对贵州省黔南州喀斯特山地植烟土壤养分进行分析。结果表明,土壤总体呈弱酸性,极小部分土壤缺乏有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、有效铜和有效锌,小部分土壤缺乏速效钾、交换性钙和交换性镁,大部分土壤缺乏有效钼。pH、有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾、交换性镁、有效铜、有效锌和有效钼空间相关性中等,交换性钙空间相关性弱。pH、有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾、交换性钙、交换性镁和有效锌空间变异主要由随机因素引起,有效铜和有效钼的空间变异主要由结构性因素引起。土壤养分空间变异趋势效应明显,pH、有效磷、速效钾、交换性钙、交换性镁、有效铜、有效锌和有效钼均由几个高值中心向四周递减分布;有机质和碱解氮均由北部、西部和南部向中部和东部递增分布。研究区植烟土壤可分为4个管理分区,分区内土壤养分趋于同质化,分区间差异显著。本研究为喀斯特山地农田土壤养分管理、农作物平衡施肥和肥料高效利用提供了参考依据。

Abstract:Spatial variability and management zone of tobacco soil nutrients in Qiannan Karst mountainous area were analyzed using geostatistics and fuzzy c-means cluster, Guizhou province. Results indicated that soils were weak acidic in general. A very small part of soils were short of OM, AN, AP, ACu and AZn; a small part of soils were short of AK, ECa and EMg; most of soils were short of AMo. Soil pH, OM, AN, AP, AK, EMg, ACu, AZn and AMo displayed moderate spatial autocorrelation, and ECa displayed weak spatial autocorrelation. Spatial variability of pH, OM, AN, AP, AK, ECa, EMg and AZn were mainly caused by random factors, ACu and AMo were mainly caused by structural factors. Soil nutrients displayed spatial obvious trend effect. Soil pH, AP, AK, ECa, EMg, ACu, AZn and AMo showed decreasing distribution from several high centers to surroundings. OM and AN showed increasing distribution from north, west, south to midland and east. Study area was divided into four management zones (MZs). soil nutrients content tended to be homogeneous in each management zone and significantly different among management zones. This findings will provide references for farmland soil nutrients management, crop balanced fertilization, and fertilization efficiency in Karst mountainous area.

---