Abstract:9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED) is the key enzyme of ABA biosynthesis in higher plant. The expression vector 35S∷AhNCED1∷GUS for peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) was constructed. Then AhNCED1 gene was transformed into cotyledon of ‘Shanyou 523’, which is sensitive to drought stress, by immersing into Agrobacterium tumefciens strain LBA4404 bacterial suspension solution. The induction rate of adventitious buds with kanamycin-resistant was 100%, and in which there were 48.3% and 50% positive plantlets by PCR amplification and GUS histochemical identification, respectively. The ABA contents in aboveground organs of transgenic plants were higher than that in the wild (non-transformation) plants. When the leaves of the transgenic AhNCED1 plants subjected to PEG stress for 10 h, the expressions of AhNCED1 protein and endogenous ABA content were increased, as well as superoxide level decreased.