Abstract:We studied the growth of Haloxylon ammodendron seedlings to reveal their growth traits and adaptabilities in the southern edge of Gurbantunggut Desert. The the seedlings grew well from early spring when the soil water content was high. With the consumption of soil moisture, the above- and below-ground part of the plant began to fall off, and then both parts recovered growing in August. Seedling mortality showed a downward trend in the whole growth period. H.ammodendron seedling could occupy more resource through rapid growth because of the high mortality rate. The falling of the assimilating branches during the drought period could maintain balance between water supply deficit and water consume of the assimilating organs. This morphological adjustment reduced seedling mortality effectively. Also, the fact that more photosynthate was assigned toward root could ensure seedling survival and recover growth quickly at proper water conditions.