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作 者 ：梁静;魏学智*

期 刊 ：植物研究 2010年 30卷 5期 页码：549-555

关键词：酸枣；土壤水分；水分生理；膜稳定性；渗透调节；

Keywords:Ziziphus jujuba var.spinosa, soil moisture, water physiology, membrane stability, osmotic adjustment,

摘 要 ：酸枣(Ziziphus jujuba var.spinosa)分布广、适应性强、极耐旱，是研究植物响应干旱气候的优良试验材料。通过覆膜技术控制酸枣根系附近土壤水分含量，研究了不同土壤水分条件对酸枣叶片组织含水量、叶绿素含量、丙二醛、可溶性糖含量等生理生化指标的影响，以期探明酸枣适应干旱的生理机制。结果显示：随着土壤含水量的降低，处理组酸枣叶片的相对含水量与绝对含水量均降低，但都保持在较高水平，与对照相比，差异显著（p<0.05）；自然饱和亏呈下降趋势且维持在较低水平，较对照差异均显著（p<0.05）；随着土壤水分的减少，处理组酸枣叶片较对照组组织水势和渗透势减小（p<0.05），较对照差异显著（p<0.05），吸水能力提高；处理组酸枣叶片的叶绿体色素含量随土壤干旱程度的加深，均表现为低于对照且逐渐减少（p<0.05）；随着处理时间的延长，处理组与对照组相比，电导率随之增大，MDA含量也随之升高，质膜受到损伤；处理组酸枣叶片中渗透调节物质可溶性糖含量和游离脯氨酸含量均有不同程度的增加，平均增幅为1.29、1.5倍。结果表明，酸枣叶片在不同的土壤水分条件下，具有积极的生理响应方式，适应性强，具有较强的抗旱耐旱能力。

Abstract:Ziziphus jujuba var.spinosa, which is widely distributed, strong adaptive and very drought-tolerant, is an excellent testing material to study plant responses to drought. In order to show the physiological mechanisms of adaptability of Z.jujuba var.spinosa to drought, we examined the effects of different soil moistures on the contents of leaf water, chlorophyll, MDA, soluble sugar and other physiological and biochemical indices through the coating technology for the control of soil moisture content near its root system.Results showed that: With the decrease of soil moisture, relative water content(RWC) and absolute water content of Z.jujuba var.spinosa leaves gradually decreased, but remained at a high level, which were significantly different from those of the control, respectively(p<0.05); Natural water saturation deficit（NWSD）of Z.jujuba var.spinosa leaves declined and maintained at a low level, which was significantly higher than that of the control (p<0.05); With the decrease of soil moisture, water potential and osmotic potential in leaves of Z.jujuba var.spinosa of the treatment group decreased, which were significantly different from those of the control, respectively(p<0.05), with water absorption capacity increased; With drought stress increasing, the content of chlorophyⅡin leaves of Z.jujuba var.spinosa of the treatment group gradually declined, which was higher than the control(p<0.05); With the extension of processing time, compared with the control group, the conductivity was even greater, MDA also increased,the plasma membrane was injured in the treatment group. The contents of soluble sugar and proline in the leaves of Z.jujuba var.spinosa increased in varying degrees,with an average increase of 1.29 and 1.5 times respectively. Under different soil moisture conditions, the leaves of Z.jujuba var.spinosa have a positive physiological response mode, strong adaptability, and strong drought resistant resistance.

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