---

作 者 ：张婕;高亦珂*

期 刊 ：植物研究 2012年 32卷 4期 页码：508-512

关键词：花药培养；菊科；单倍体；离体雌核培养；

Keywords:anther culture, Compositae, haploid, in vitro gynogenesis culture, microspore culture,

摘 要 ：单倍体培养是快速获得菊科纯合系的重要途径。目前已进行单倍体研究的菊科植物共有13个种，其中9个已成功获得单倍体植株。菊科中诱导单倍体的途径有花药培养、小孢子培养、离体雌核培养、远源杂交和辐射花粉诱导单倍体。本文详细论述了不同外植体发育时期、预处理、培养基、培养条件等因素对单倍体植株诱导再生的影响。对菊科植物单倍体诱导的几种途径进行对比总结，指出研究中存在的问题并提出思路和建议。

Abstract:Haploid induction is an important method for obtaining homozygous lines in Compositae. Haploids have been induced in 13 Compoditae species, and 9 species was successfully obtained. The pathways to obtain haploid plants in Compositae include anther culture, isolated microspore culture, in vitro gynogenesis culture, intergeneric hybridization and induction of haploid by irradiated pollen. The factors affecting in vitro induction and regeneration of haploids including developmental period of the explant, pretreatment, medium and its component, and culture condition were discussed in the paper. The methods of haploid induction in Compositae were compared. This review also proposed some problems in the Compositae haploid research, and provided reasonable suggestions.

---