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期 刊 ：植物保护学报 2006年

关键词：小麦；人工合成种；川麦42；条锈病；抗性遗传；

Keywords:Wheat, synthetics, Chuanmai 42, Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici, resistance inheritance,

摘 要 ：条锈病是我国小麦最重要的病害之一,严重威胁小麦生产。川麦42是利用硬粒小麦-节节麦人工合成的高抗条锈病小麦新品种。为明确川麦42抗条锈性遗传基础,将川麦42分别与高感条锈小麦品种绵阳26、绵阳335杂交和回交,获得杂交F₁、F₂ 、BC₁群体,其中,川麦42×绵阳26、川麦42×绵阳335 F₂ 群体分别为208和337株, 川麦42/绵阳26//绵阳26、川麦42/绵阳335//绵阳335 BC₁群体分别为171和216株用于抗性遗传分析。利用条锈菌小种条中32号(CYR32)对抗感杂交的F₁、F₂ 和BC₁群体接种,结果显示,所有F₁代对条中32都表现免疫或高抗,F₂ 代群体中抗 ∶ 感分离比例均符合3R ∶ 1S理论比例,BC₁群体抗 ∶ 感分离比也符合1R ∶ 1S理论比例,说明川麦42对条中32的抗性由1对显性基因控制。

Abstract:Wheat stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici (PST), is one of the most devastating diseases of common wheat, Triticum aestivum L., in China. Chuanmai 42, a new wheat variety derived from synthetics between Triticum durum and Aegilops tauschii, was highly resistant to Chinese newly predominant races of Chinese Yellow Race (CYR32) at adult stage. To determine the inheritance of resistance in Chuanmai 42, it was crossed and backcrossed with the susceptible Sichuan varieties of common wheat Mianyang 26 (MY26) and Mianyang 335 (MY335) for preparing the F₂ and BC₁ populations. A total of 208 and 337 F₂ plants of Chuanmai 42×MY26, Chuanmai 42×MY335, and 171 and 216 BC₁ plants of Chuanmai 42/MY26//MY26, Chuanmai 42/MY335//MY335, respectively, were used for resistance analyses. All of F₁ hybrids of such crosses were immune or highly resistant and F₂, BC₁ population displayed the segregation into resistance and susceptible while inoculated with CYR32 (Chinese stripe rust race) in the adult plant stage. The chi-square test confirmed that the frequencies of resistance versus susceptible individuals were in accordance with the 3R ∶ 1S and 1R ∶ 1S ratio in F₂ population and BC₁ populations, respectively. The results indicated that the resistance of Chuanmai 42 to CYR32 is controlled by a single dominant gene.

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