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期 刊 ：植物保护学报 2007年

关键词：禾谷缢管蚜；温度梯度；行为；反应；

Keywords:Rhopalosiphum padi, temperature gradient, behavior, response,

摘 要 ：利用自制的温度梯度产生装置,研究了禾谷缢管蚜Rhopalosiphum padi的避热行为及其栖息分布与温度梯度之间的关系。其避热率随温度梯度场温差的增大而显著增加,温度梯度为27.0~22.7、32.0~23.8、37.0~25.3和42.0~27.7℃时,其避热率分别为52.5%、72.5%、92.1%和100%。高温适应性锻炼可显著提高其对高温的适应能力,分别经15和35℃预适应温度训练1.5h后的成蚜,避热率分别为77.5%和64.2%。不同发育阶段的蚜虫在温度梯度场内的避热率无显著差异。总体上看,在26~43℃的叶片温度梯度内,50％的禾谷缢管蚜分布在27.7℃以下的区域内,99％的蚜虫分布在32.0℃以下的区域内。不同发育阶段的蚜虫在温度梯度内的分布有一定差异,99％的1龄若蚜分布在32.7℃以下的温度区域内,而99%的3龄若蚜分布区域为30.0℃以下。

Abstract:Thermal avoidance and distribution of Rhopalosiphum padi in temperature gradients were investigated with self-made temperature gradient apparatus. Thermal avoidance rate of the aphids was evidently increased by increasing the temperature difference between the two ends of temperature gradient fields. Thermal avoidance rate of the aphids was 52.5%, 72.5%, 92.1% and 100% when the temperature gradients were settled as 27.0-22.7℃, 32.0-23.8℃, 37.0-25.3℃ and 42.0-27.7℃, respectively. Acclimating adults at 15℃ for 1.5h had a higher thermal avoidance rate (77.5%) than those at 35℃ for the same time (64.2%), suggesting that the adults have the ability to adapt to high temperature. Thermal avoidance rate of different developmental stages of tested aphids showed no significant difference. In the leaf temperature gradient (26-43℃), 50% of tested R. padi distributed in the area of <27.7℃, and 99% of the aphids distributed <32.0℃. 99% of 1^st instar nymphs distributed in the area of <32.7℃, while 99% of 3^rd instar nymphs distributed in <30.0℃.

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