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作 者 ：李 晶， 吉 彪， 商文楠， 陈龙涛， 魏 玲， 魏 湜*

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2010年 16卷 5期 页码：1063-1068

关键词：小黑麦；密度；氮素水平；氮代谢酶；营养品质；

Keywords:triticale, density, nitrogen level, nitrogen metabolism enzyme, nutritional quality,

摘 要 ：以小黑麦品种东农5305为试材，研究了不同密度和施氮水平对旗叶氮代谢相关酶活性和子粒品质的影响。结果表明，随着密度的降低、氮肥的施用，旗叶硝酸还原酶活性和谷氨酰胺合成酶活性提高，内肽酶和氨肽酶活性降低，可溶性蛋白含量增加; 密度300×104株/hm²、施氮75 kg/hm²处理子粒产量显著高于其它处理，密度300×10⁴株/hm²、施氮150 kg/hm²处理子粒蛋白质含量、氨基酸含量、赖氨酸含量最高。成熟期子粒蛋白质含量与生育期间旗叶谷氨酰胺合成酶活性显著正相关，与蛋白水解酶活性呈负相关。降低密度和增施氮肥，花后叶片的氮素同化能力增强，叶片蛋白质的降解能力减弱，延缓了叶片早衰。表明小黑麦旗叶可溶性蛋白含量可作为衡量蛋白质代谢的生理指标。

Abstract:Effects of different densities and nitrogen levels on activities of nitrogen metabolism enzymes in flag leaf and grain quality were studied using triticale variety cv. Dongnong 5305. The results showed that the activities of nitrate reducase(NR) and glutamine synthetase(GS) of flag leaves increased, while endopeptidase and aminopeptidase of flag leaves decreased, and the soluble protein contents of flag leaves increased with the decreasing of density and increase of nitrogen fertilizer. Grain yield under density of 3 million/ha and N 75 kg/ha was higher than other treatments. Under density of 3 million/ha and N 150 kg/ha, contents of protein, amino acid and lysine of grain were the most. There was significant positive correlation between grain protein content and GS activities of flag leaves, while there was negative correlation with grain protein content and proteolytic activities. By reducing the density and increasing nitrogen fertilizer, the nitrogen assimilation of leaf after flowering was improved, the ability of leaf protein degradation was depressed, and leaf senescence was delayed. To the effect, we concluded that soluble protein content of flag leaves could be used as a physiological index for protein metabolism.

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