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作 者 ：陈义强 刘国顺 习红昂

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2013年 19卷 3期 页码：632-643

关键词：烟草；品质指数；施肥模型；

Keywords:tobacco, quality index, fertilization model,

摘 要 ：该研究以提供优质烟叶生产的量化施肥模型、防止化肥的过量使用造成的环境污染及烟叶品质下降为目的。通过盆栽及大田回归组合试验，对烟草栽培中的氮、磷、钾肥因子与烟草品质的关系进行研究。采用层次分析法（AHP）确定了各品质指标的权重，通过隶属函数对各处理烤后烟叶的内在品质进行模糊综合评价，以模糊综合评价的总得分为品质指数，建立了氮、磷、钾施肥量与品质指数的回归方程，并对回归方程进行优化。 结果表明，盆栽试验的适宜肥料施用量为N 4.51～6.14 g/pot，P₂O₅ 6.48 ～10.48 g/pot，K₂O 20.31～28.60 g/pot。在回归方程优化的基础上以盆栽试验结果建立了包含土壤基础肥力贡献率和烟草品种需肥量等参数的烟草氮、磷、钾施肥模型，并以大田试验的结果对模型进行了验证。结果表明，施肥模型计算的氮、磷、钾肥最佳推荐量为N 54.22 kg/hm²，P₂O₅ 95.85 kg/hm²，K₂O 347.26 kg/hm²，与大田试验的优化施肥量大致相同。

Abstract:Thiastudy was conducted to provide a quantitative fertilization model for  high quality tobacco leaves production  and low  environmental pollution resulted from overfertilization.  A pot and a field experiment with the regression unitized design were carried out to study the effects of N, P and K fertilizers on internal quality indexes in fluecured tobacco leaves. Tobacco leaf inherent quality in the experiment was scored by the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, and weights of tobacco quality indexes were identified by the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Regression equations of the relation of the tobacco quality index to nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer were established basing on the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and then were optimized. The results showed that the optimal application amounts of N, P and K fertilizers in the pot experiment were N 4.51-6.14 g/pot，P₂O₅ 6.48-10.48 g/pot, K₂O 20.31-28.60 g/pot. The fertilization model of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers containing the soil fertility contribution rate, tobacco cultivars and other parameters were developed based on the optimization of the regression equation and verified by the field experiment. The results showed that the recommended amounts based on the fertilization model were N 54.22  kg/ha，P₂O₅ 95.85  kg/ha，K₂O 347.26  kg/ha，which were in concert with the recommended amounts from the field experiment.

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