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作 者 ：金喜军, 马春梅, 龚振平, 姚玉波, 邸伟

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2010年 16卷 2期 页码：395-399

关键词：大豆；鼓粒期；肥料氮；根瘤固氮；

Keywords:soybean, seed filling stage, fertilizer-N, nodulation-N,

摘 要 ：采用¹⁵N分阶段标记的方法，研究了鼓粒期间大豆植株对氮素的同化吸收，尤其是肥料氮在各器官中的积累与分配。结果表明： 1） 5次标记试验期间积累的氮素总量为291.4 mg/plant，占标记试验Ⅴ结束时（鼓粒末期）大豆植株氮素积累总量的48.9%，说明鼓粒期间的氮素积累对于大豆氮素积累具有重要作用； 2） 从鼓粒始期到鼓粒末期，大豆植株氮素阶段积累量急剧降低，由标记试验Ⅰ的109.5 mg/plant下降到标记试验Ⅴ的19.6 mg/plant； 3）鼓粒期大豆植株所吸收的氮素主要来自根瘤固氮，该部分氮占总同化量的67.4%，而肥料氮只占32.6%； 4）根瘤固氮和肥料氮的同化量均随着鼓粒进程的推进而下降，分别由标记试验 Ⅰ 的67.5和42.0 mg/plant下降到标记试验Ⅴ的10.8和8.8 mg/plant； 5） 5次标记试验中，不同器官中肥料氮的积累量均表现出一致的规律性，为子粒＞叶片＞茎＞根系＞荚皮，并且分配到子粒中的肥料氮比例是逐渐增加的，由标记试验 Ⅰ 的27.9%增加到标记试验Ⅴ的85.0%。

Abstract:This experiment was conducted by using¹⁵N labeling method with staged design to study nitrogen assimilation and absorption by the soybean plant during the seed-filling period, especially the distribution of fertilizer N among different organs of soybean. The results show that total nitrogen accumulation during the five labeling experiments (0-25 d after beginning of seed-filling) plays an important role in nitrogen accumulation in soybean plant, which is about 291.4 mg/plant, occupies 48.9% to the total nitrogen accumulation in the labeling experiment Ⅴ. The nitrogen accumulation is decreased sharply during the seed filling period, which is from 109.5 mg/plant in the labeling experiment Ⅰ(0-5 d after beginning of seed-filling) to 19.6 mg/plant in the labeling experiment Ⅴ. Nodulation-N is the main source of the plan assimilated N, which is about 67.4%, and nodulations-N accumulation is decreased from 67.5 mg/plant in the labeling experiment Ⅰ to 10.8 mg/plant in the labeling experiment Ⅴ. Fertilizer-N accumulation is also decreased with the seed-filling process, from 42.0 mg/plant in the labeling experiment Ⅰ to 8.8 mg/plant in the labeling experiment Ⅴ. Fertilizer-N accumulation in different organs of soybean in different labeling experiments exhibits the same orders: seeds＞leaves＞stems＞roots＞pod walls, and the proportion of seed N accumulation from the fertilizer is increased from 27.9% to 85.0% during the labeling period.

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