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作 者 ：孙胜, 田永生, 冷丹丹, 李先得, 袁世连, 邢国明

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2010年 16卷 1期 页码：179-184

关键词：西瓜；嫁接；砧木；成活率；产量；矿质营养；

Keywords:rootstock, survival rate, yield, mineral nutrition,

摘 要 ：以西农八号西瓜为接穗，金瓜、中国南瓜、葫芦为砧木，研究了不同砧木对嫁接苗成活率、经济产量及各个处理生长发育期内叶片中9种营养元素含量变化的影响。结果表明，以葫芦为砧木的嫁接苗成活率最高，达到91.8%，极显著高于另外两种砧木嫁接苗的成活率； 同时，该组合产量也极显著高于对照及其他两个嫁接组合。三种砧木显著提高了生殖生长期接穗叶片中N、K、Ca、Mg的含量，其中葫芦砧木还显著提高了叶片中Cu、Zn、Mn的含量。金瓜-西农八号组合（Q-X）营养生长期叶片N、Zn含量，生殖生长期叶片中Cu、Mn的含量显著低于对照； 中国南瓜-西农八号组合（R-X）营养生长期Cu、Zn含量，生殖生长期Mn的含量显著低于对照。相关分析显示，西瓜叶片中不同矿质元素含量间的相关性随生育阶段而异。试验结果表明，葫芦砧木能显著提高接穗叶片中矿质营养含量，是组合葫芦-西农八号(G-X)增产的主要原因之一。

Abstract:Effects of different rootstocks on grafting survival rates, economic yields and changing trends of 9 nutrient element contents of leaves of grafted watermelon seedlings were studied by using Xinong NO.8(X) watermelon seedlings as the scion, and C. maxima Duch(Q), Cucurbita moschata Duch(R) and Lagenaria siceraia(G) as the rootstocks. The results show that grafting survival rate and yield of G-X are significantly higher than those of R-X and Q-X, respectively. The contents of N, K, Ca and Mg of grafted watermelon leaves are remarkably enhanced by these rootstocks, especially at the reproductive growth stage. In addition, Lagenaria siceraia rootstock could cause a significant increase of Cu, Zn and Mn contents of grafted watermelon leaves compared with watermelon seedlings. At the vegetative growth stage N and Zn contents of Q-X，and Cu and Zn contents of R-X are significantly lower than those of the control, while Cu, Mn contents of Q-X, and Mn content of R-X are lower at the reproductive growth stage. Correlation analysis indicates that the correlations between the 9 element contents vary with different growth stages. These results show that the reason for the highest yields of the G-X is that the nutrient element contents of leaves are remarkably enhanced.

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