---

作 者 ：王德梅1, 于振文1*, 张永丽1, 许振柱2

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2010年 16卷 5期 页码：1041-1048

关键词：小麦；氮素积累分配；灌水量；氮素利用效率；水分利用效率；

Keywords:wheat cultivar, nitrogen accumulation and distribution, irrigation regimest, nitrogen use efficiency, water use efficiency,

摘 要 ：利用¹⁵N同位素示踪技术，研究了不同灌水处理条件下2个高产小麦品种吸收利用不同来源氮素的差异。结果表明: 1）同一灌水条件下，泰山23(T23)植株氮素总积累量、来自肥料氮的量、来自土壤氮的量、肥料氮和土壤氮开花期在营养器官中的总积累量及成熟期在子粒中的积累量均显著高于山农664(S664)。2）泰山23底墒水+拔节水处理（W1）营养器官中积累的肥料氮向子粒的转移量显著高于底墒水+拔节水+开花水处理（W2），土壤氮的转移量W1与W2处理无显著差异; 山农664营养器官中积累的肥料氮和土壤氮的转移量均为W2显著高于W1处理。3）泰山23的子粒蛋白质含量、灌溉效益和水分利用效率为W1显著高于W2处理，子粒产量、蛋白质产量和氮素利用效率在W1与W2处理间无显著差异; 山农664的子粒产量和蛋白质产量为W2显著高于W1处理，子粒蛋白质含量、氮素利用效率、灌溉效益和水分利用效率在W1与W2处理间无显著差异。从子粒产量、蛋白质含量和氮素与水分利用效率等方面综合分析，W1和W2处理分别是泰山23和山农664高产高效的灌水方式。

Abstract:Differences of nitrogen uptake and utilization in different wheat cultivars under different irrigation amount and at different stages were studied with 15N tracing technique. Three irrigation regimes were applied in the present experiment: no irrigation during the whole growth season(represented as W0); irrigated both before sowing and at jointing stages(W1); irrigated 3 times, before sowing, at jointing and anthesis stages(W2).The results were as follows: under the same irrigation condition, total nitrogen accumulation amount, nitrogen accumulation amount derived from fertilizer and soil of cv. T23 were higher than those of cv. S664. Nitrogen accumulation amount derived from fertilizer and soil in vegetative organs at anthesis, in grain and vegetative organs at maturity of cv. T23, were higher than those of cv. S664. The above results indicated that cv. T23 had higher nitrogen absorptive capacity than cv. S664. Nitrogen translocation amount from fertilizer in vegetative organs after anthesis at treatment W2 was lower than that at treatment W1, while nitrogen translocation amount from soil had no significant change. However, nitrogen translocation amount both from fertilizer and soil were remarkably increased at treatment W2 compared with those at treatment W1. There were no significant difference on grain yield, grain protein yield and nitrogen use efficiency in cv. T23 plants between treatments W1 and W2, but grain protein content, irrigation benefit and water use efficiency at treatment W1 were higher. Grain yield and grain protein yield of cv. S664 at treatment W2 were higher than those at treatment W1, while there were no differences of grain protein content, nitrogen use efficiency, irrigation benefit and water use efficiency between treatments W1 and W2. In conclusion, treatment W1 is better irrigation model for cv. T23 while treatment W2 is better for cv. S664 because of high yield and high water/nitrogen use efficiency.

---