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作 者 ：范秀艳 杨恒山 高聚林 张瑞富 王志刚 张玉芹

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2012年 18卷 3期 页码：562-570

关键词：春玉米；超高产；施磷量；施磷方式；根系特性；

Keywords:spring maize, super-high yield, phosphorus application rates, phosphorus application methods, root characteristic,

摘 要 ：以金山27为供试品种，研究了超高产栽培下不同施磷量（P₂O₅ 0、100、150和200 kg/hm²）和施用方式（传统施磷和分层施磷）对春玉米根系特征及产量的影响。结果表明，根重、40—60 cm土层根幅及根系活力均随施磷量的增加而增加，根系SOD和POD活性随施磷量的增加而提高，MDA含量则随施磷量的提高而降低。同一施磷水平下，分层施磷不仅能促进春玉米根重的增加和下层土壤中根条数的增多； 同时能延缓生育后期不同土层中根系活力下降，提高根系SOD和POD活性，降低MDA含量。在100 kg/hm2施磷量下，分层施磷较传统施磷增产7.1%，产量差异达到5%显著水平； 在150 kg/hm²和200 kg/hm²施磷量条件下，分层施磷与传统施磷的产量差异不显著。

Abstract:A maize cultivar, Jinshan 27, was used as the test material to study the effects of different phosphorus levels (P₂O₅ 0、100、150 and 200 kg/ha) and application methods (traditional application and application with different depths) on root characteristics of spring maize under superhighyield cultivation. The results show that the root weight, root width in 40 to 60 cm soil layer, root vigor, and the activities of SOD and POD of roots are all increased with the increase of the phosphorus application, while the MDA content of roots is decreased. The phosphate application in different soil layers could promote the increase of the root weight and the number of roots per plant in deep soil layers, delay the decrease of root activity in the later growing stages, enhance the activities of SOD and POD, and reduce the MDA content of roots in different soil layers under the same level of phosphate. Compared with conventional phosphorus application, the phosphate application in different soil layers increases grain yield by 7.1% under the level of phosphorus 100 kg/ha, was improved significantly at the 5% probability levels. But grain yield had no significant difference under the levels of 150 kg/ha and 200 kg/ha.

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