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作 者 ：潘圣刚, 翟晶, 曹凑贵, 蔡明历, 王若涵, 黄胜奇, 李进山

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2010年 16卷 3期 页码：522-527

关键词：氮肥运筹；养分吸收；品质；水稻；

Keywords:nitrogen management practices, nutrition uptake, quality, rice,

摘 要 ：以水稻品种扬两优6号为材料，研究了田间条件氮肥运筹对水稻养分吸收及产量和品质的影响。结果表明，高氮处理（N₂₄₀）成熟期氮素积累总量、磷素积累总量和钾素积累总量分别比中氮（N₁₅₀）和低氮处理（N₀）增加了21.5%、18.5%、18.3%和134.6%、127.0%和82.7%； 产量增加了10.4%和39. 6%。在相同氮素水平下，采用B种施肥比例（基肥∶分蘖肥∶穗粒肥＝30%∶20%∶50%），水稻成熟期氮素积累总量比A处理（基肥∶分蘖肥∶穗粒肥＝40%∶30%∶30%）增加了15.4%，产量提高了7.3%。在高氮处理（N₂₄₀）条件下，采用B施肥比例，蛋白质含量显著提高，直链淀粉显著降低，但提高了稻米的垩百度而使稻米外观品质变劣。

Abstract:Effects of nitrogen management practices on nutrition uptake and grain qualities of rice were examined using a rice cultivar, Yanglianyou 6, in a field study. The nitrogen fertilizer was applied in three splits, namely, 40% as basal, 30% at 10 days after transplanting (DAT) and 30% at 36 DAT (40-30-30), and 30% as basal, 20% at 10 DAT and 50% at 36 DAT (30-20-50), and the N application rates were set to N 0, 150 and 240 kg/ha, expressed as N₀, N₁₅₀ and N₂₄₀, respectively. Compared to the N₁₅₀ and N₀ treatments, total nitrogen accumulation (TNA), total phosphorus accumulation (TPA) and total potassium accumulation (TKA) of the N₂₄₀ treatment at maturity stage are increased by 21.5%, 18.5%, 18.3% and 134.6%, 127.0%, 82.7%, and rice yields are increased by 10.4% and 39.6%, respectively. Under the same nitrogen application rate, TNA and yield of the 30-20-50 split are 15.4% and 7.3% higher than those of the 40-30-30 split at the maturity stage. The grain protein of rice is improved significantly; while grain amylose content is decreased, and the quality of appearance is worsen due to the improvement of chalkyness of grain under the N₂₄₀ treatment with the 30-20-50 split.

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