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作 者 ：郭孝, 介晓磊, 李明, 刘世亮, 化党领, 胡华锋, 李建平

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2010年 16卷 2期 页码：439-448

关键词：硒；钴；苜蓿；营养；

Keywords:selenium, cobalt； alfalfa； nutrition,

摘 要 ：通过在苜蓿草地上基施硒、钴物料的田间试验，研究苜蓿对硒钴的吸收、积累和转化特点，以及各种物料对苜蓿青干草中营养成分和微量元素含量的影响。结果表明： （1）硒或钴物料均能提高苜蓿青干草中硒的含量，物料中硒含量越高，青干草中硒的含量也越高。钴能显著提高苜蓿青干草中的钴含量，过量施钴会造成钴料的浪费。虽然硒对草中钴积累量影响不大，但硒钴混合物料可显著提高牧草钴的积累量，物料中硒含量越高草中钴的积累量越多。（2）硒钴的合理混施能显著提高苜蓿对硒、钴的利用率以及物料中无机硒向牧草中有机硒的转化率，提高牧草中硒的有效性和安全性。（3）在所有硒、钴物料中，高硒低钴能提高苜蓿青干草的粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量，对粗纤维和无氮浸出物影响不大。而其他硒、钴物料均能显著提高苜蓿干草中的粗纤维含量，降低粗脂肪含量，对粗蛋白和无氮浸出物含量影响不大。（4）硒钴混合物料能显著提高苜蓿青干草中Mo、Cu、B、Fe、Mn、Zn 6种元素的含量，其中Mo的提高幅度最大为142.34 %～256.45 %， 其次为Fe、Mn和Zn，提高幅度分别为48.16 %～59.45 %、32.88 %～41.66 %和37.10 %～96.39 %。Cu和B的提高幅度最小，分别为13.43 %～37.33 %和14.60 %～39.67 %。

Abstract:A field experiment was conducted to study absorption，utilization and recovery of selenium(Se) and cobalt(Co) in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) hay and as well as effects of Se and Co fertilization on main nutrients and contents of trace elements of alfalfa hays by basal application of Se and Co in alfalfa rangeland. The objectives of experiment were to produce fine and safe alfalfa products with more effective Se and Co by Se and Co single and mixed basal applications rationally. The results show that alfalfa has strong capacities to absorb, transfer and utilize Se and Co from soil, and single basal application Se or Co could increase the contents of Se and Co of alfalfa hays (the more Se in soil, the more Se in hays). If more Co is applied in soil，some Co might be wasted. Content of Co of the hays is increased when Co and Se are applied at the same time. Rational combined application of Se and Co could raise utilization rate of Se and the transfer ratio of Se from inorganic Se from fertilizers to organic Se of the forage, and the effectiveness and securement of Se are all enhanced obviously. In all experimental treatments, only high elenium-lower Co combined fertilization could enhance the contents of crude protein and ether extract (EE), and has less effects on stabilities of crude fiber (CF) and nitrogen-free extract (NFE). Other treatments tend to enhance the contents of CF, decrease the contents of EE, and have no significant effects on CP and NFE. Combined applications of Se and Co have better effects on the contents of trace elements of alfalfa hays, of all 6 kinds of trace elements，the contents of Mo are increased significantly (142.34%-256.45%)， next is Fe, Mn and Zn (48.16%-59.45%, 32.88%-41.66% and 37.10%-96.39% respectively)，and Cu and B are lowest (13.43%-37.33% and 14.60%-39.67% respectively).

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