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作 者 ：阳显斌 张锡洲 李廷轩 宋潇 胡宏松

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2011年 17卷 3期 页码：525-532

关键词：小麦；磷素子粒生产效率；产量；吸收利用；

Keywords:wheat, phosphorus use efficiency of grain yield, grain yield, dynamic cluster,

摘 要 ：盆栽试验研究了130份小麦不同生育时期的干物重、磷素含量、子粒产量等指标，采用组内最小平方和的动态聚类方法将供试品种按磷素子粒生产效率从低到高依次分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ和Ⅵ 6个类型，研究不同类型磷素吸收利用的差异。结果表明: 1）供试品种的磷素子粒生产效率差异较大（CV=1660%），Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ和Ⅵ类品种的平均磷素子粒生产效率为P 13629、15167、16916、18589、20132、24466 g/g。子粒产量随磷素子粒生产效率提高呈增加趋势（r=03203**）。2）不同生育时期，小麦植株磷浓度与吸磷量类型间差异显著或极显著。成熟期磷素子粒生产效率与植株磷浓度极显著正相关（r=06969**），子粒产量与抽穗期、成熟期植株吸磷量显著或极显著相关（r=02966*、r=09271**）。3）不同生育时期磷素干物质生产效率的类间差异均达显著水平; 成熟期磷素干物质生产效率与磷素子粒生产效率极显著正相关 （r=07391**）。4）拔节期、抽穗期和成熟期干物重均表现出随磷素子粒生产效率增加而增加的趋势，成熟期尤为突出。拔节期成熟期磷素吸收量是影响子粒产量形成的重要因素，磷素子粒生产效率高的品种在拔节期后有较强干物质和子粒产量形成能力。

Abstract:Through soil culture experiment, 130 wheat cultivars were used to evaluate their differences in dry matter weight, grain yield, phosphorus uptake and utilization at different growth stages. The tested wheat cultivars were classified into 6 types (i.e. Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ, Ⅴ and Ⅵ, Ⅰ was the lowest, and Ⅵ was the highest) based on their phosphorus use efficiency for grain yield (PUE for grain yield) by using the MinSSw method. The results are as follows: (1) Differences of PUE for grain yield of the cultivars used in this study are very large (CV=1660%), the averages of PUE for grain yield for Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ, Ⅴ and Ⅵ, are 13629, 15167, 16916, 18589, 20132, and 24466 g grain per gram of P. There is a significant positive correlation between PUE for grain yield and grain yield(r=03203**). (2) Significant differences are observed in phosphorus concentration and absorption of plants among the wheat types. There are significant correlations between plant phosphorus and PUE for grain yield at mature stage (r=06969**), and the same as grain yield and phosphorus absorption at heading and mature stages (r=02966*, r=09271**). (3) Significant differences are observed in phosphorus use efficiency for dry matter among six types at different growth stages. There is a significant correlation between PUE for dry matter and PUE for grain yield at the mature stage (r=07391**). (4) The dry weights are increased with PUE for grain yield at different stages. The phosphorus content is an important factor for grain yield formation from the jointing to mature stages, and high PUE for grain yield wheat type has strong capacity of material and grain yield formation after the jointing stage.

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