Abstract:Samples from 13 different treatments in long-term stationary experiment of Shaanxi loess soil, were collected for agricultural soil faunas analysis by handsorting and Cobb method. 3530 species of agricultural soil fauna had been collected and identified, belonged to 6 Phyla, 12 Classes, 23 Orders, 4 Suborders and 7 Superfamilies. They were grouped by size into Macrofauna, Mesofauna and Microfauna. Mesofauna and Microfauna include 10 kinds, 2 dominant species(Nemata、Pauropoda)and 3 common species(Acariformes、Diplura、Collembola)and 17 kinds, 4 dominant species (Oligochaet、Isopoda、Coleoptera、Hymenoptera), 4 common species (Araneae、Lepidoptera、Diplopoda、Diptera)were included in Macrofauna. The result showed that, (1) the number and communities of agricultural soil fauna were affected by different treatments. The individual number of soil fauna varied with soil depth, generally declined from the surface soil to the bottom layer within soil profiles and most of focus on 0-5cm;(2) the density of agriculture soil fauna is related to content of nutrient, and straw stalk benefit to soil fauna;(3) the composition diversity and similarities to different treatments were analyzed, as result, they were obviously heterogeneous in composition and the values of their similarity coefficients were generally low.