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作 者 ：田应兵1;陈芬2;熊明标3;宋光煜4

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2005年 11卷 1期 页码：122-127

关键词：黑麦草；硒；吸收；分配；积累；

Keywords:ryegrass, selenium, uptake, distribution, accumulation,

摘 要 ：用营养液培养方法研究了黑麦草(Lolium.multiflorum,Lamaubada)对硒的吸收、分配和累积特征以及硒对黑麦草生物量的影响,以探讨黑麦草对硒的吸收和利用规律。结果表明,不同SeO₃^2--Se浓度处理的黑麦草在不同生育期的硒含量大小顺序均表现为分蘗期>拔节期>抽穗期>苗期,且其差异在低硒浓度([Se⁴⁺]≤0.05.mg／L)时表现不明显,在非中毒范围内,黑麦草体内含硒量随供硒水平的提高而增加。在不同硒浓度处理中,黑麦草不同器官的硒含量大小顺序均为根>叶>茎,黑麦草吸收的SeO₃^2--Se大部分在根部累积,少部分转移到茎与叶中,Se_R／Se_L≈3,Se_R／Se_s≈4。当营养液中加入低浓度硒([Se⁴⁺]=0-0.1.mg／L)时促进了黑麦草的生长,其生物量随外源硒浓度的增大而增加;高浓度硒([Se⁴⁺]≥1.0.mg／L)时抑制黑麦草的生长甚至引起中毒死亡。抽穗期黑麦草对硒的阶段累积率最大,达40.42％。

Abstract:The deficiency or excess of selenium (Se) in the environment has been found to be associated with a variety of diseases in humans (Kashan and Kashin-Beck disease) and domestic animals (White-muscle disease and embryo deformity or death) . However, a direct cause and effect relationship is difficult to be demonstrated. Humans and domestic animals acquire Se mainly from soil-plant-water system in which plant is an immediate source of Se. Accumulative experimental evidence indicated an important influence of Se on the growth and quality of plants, though whether Se is an essential nutrient to higher plants is still indefinite. Much work has been done in studying uptake and accumulation of Se and its effects on the growth and physiologic activities for the crops and vegetables, but less work has been done with the ryegrass (Lolium multiflorm , Lamaubada) .This paper dealt with the uptake, distribution and accumulation of Se by ryegrass and the effects of Se on the biomass of ryegrass using a nutrient solution culture approach. This experiment consisted of 6 treatments: 0, 0.01, 0.05 , 0.1, 1.0 and 10.0 mg/L of Se as Na₂SeO₃. The results indicated that the Se content of ryegrass at different stages decreased in the order of tillering stage > jointing stage > earing stage > seedling stage; The difference of Se content in different period of duration was not obvious when SeO₃^2--Se concentration was lower( [Se⁴⁺]≤0.05 mg/L) ; Se content of ryegrass increased with the increase of added SeO₃^2--Se within non-poisonous range. The order of Se content was root> leaf > stem at different SeO₃^2--Se concentration, the majorities of SeO₃^2--Se taken up by ryegrass were accumulated in roots with less amount of Se translocated to shoots. The growth of ryegrass was promoted at lower SeO₃^2--Se concentration (0-0.1 mg/L) while it was restrained or poisoned at higher SeO₃^2-- Se concentration ( [Se⁴⁺] ≥1.0 mg/L) ; The biomass of ryegrass increased with the increasing of added SeO₃^2--Se within non-poisonous range([Se⁴⁺]≤0.1 mg/L) . The accumulated rate of Se by rye grass was the highest (40.24% ) at the earing stage.

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