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作 者 ：李会合;王正银;李宝珍

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2004年 10卷 5期 页码：504-510

关键词：酸性菜园土；施肥；莴笋；硝酸盐；养分形态；

Keywords:acid garden soils, fertilization, lettuce, nitrate, nutrient forms,

摘 要 ：通过田间试验研究了3种酸性菜园土壤(强酸性、酸性和微酸性土壤)不同氮磷钾配比及其与硝酸盐复合控制剂配施对莴笋产量、硝酸盐及叶片养分形态的影响。结果表明,莴笋产量以微酸性土>酸性土>强酸性土,酸性和强酸性土壤上配施硝酸盐复合控制剂可使莴笋显著增产(达6.2％～18.2％),而微酸性土壤则相反。H_NK配施硝酸盐复合控制剂在3种土壤上分别降低莴笋茎和叶硝酸盐含量25.1％～76.3％和3.1％～27.7％(微酸性土除外),降低作用以茎>叶,以H_NK+C₂处理效果最好。莴笋叶片硝酸盐含量以酸性土壤>微酸性土壤>强酸性土壤,茎中硝酸盐以酸性土壤为最高。莴笋叶片氮、磷、钾形态分别以蛋白氮、非蛋白磷、非蛋白钾为主,H_NK配施硝酸盐复合控制剂(H_NK+C₃除外)提高莴笋叶片蛋白氮占全氮、蛋白磷占全磷和蛋白钾占全钾的比例。莴笋叶片硝酸盐含量与全氮、蛋白氮、全磷、蛋白磷和蛋白钾含量呈极显著负相关。

Abstract:Effects of different nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratios combination with complex nitrification inhibitors on the yield, nitrate content and nutrient forms of lettuce(Lactuca saliva L. ) were studied in three acid garden soils under field experiment condition. The results indicated that the yield of lettuce was in the order of little acid soil > acid soil > strong acid soil. In acid and strong acid soil, the yield of lettuce was significant increased by 6.2%-18.2% , but decreased in little acid soil. The nitrate contents of lettuce stem and leaf were decreased by 25.1%-76.3% and 3.1%-27.7% (except in little acid soil) in HNK treatment (high rate of N and K fertilizers) combination with complex nitrification inhibitors. The effect was stem > leaf and the H_NK + C₂ (complex nitrification inhibitor No. 2) treatment was best. The nitrate content of lettuce leaf in three soils was acid soil>little acid soil>strong acid soil, and nitrate content of lettuce stem was highest in acid soil. The nutrient forms of N, P, and K in lettuce leaf were mainly protein N, non - protein P and non - protein K. The ratio of protein N to total N, protein P to total P, protein K to total K was increased in H_NK + C₁ (complex nitrification inhibitor No. 1) and H_NK + C₂ treatments. There were significant negative correlations between nitrate content and total N, protein N, total P, protein P, protein K of lettuce leaf.

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