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作 者 ：陈双臣1;贺超兴2;邹志荣1;张志斌2

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2005年 11卷 3期 页码：369-374

关键词：有机土；番茄；营养吸收特性；温室；

Keywords:organic substrate, tomato, nutrient absorption property, greenhouse,

摘 要 ：以腐熟玉米秸、麦秸、菇渣或锯末等农产废弃物及有机肥为有机化栽培的有机原料,添加土壤后配成有机土进行了番茄栽培试验,研究了植株对氮、磷、钾的吸收特性。结果表明,不同配方下番茄对氮磷钾的单株吸收量、养分利用率以及养分在植株不同部位的分配不同。全生育期N∶P₂O₅∶K₂O=1∶0.194～0.375∶0.903～1.412。根据番茄产量计算出每生产100kg番茄果实的养分需要量为:N136.7～201.4g,P₂O₅39.9～60.0g,K₂O156.7～235.7g。综合不同有机土配比对番茄养分利用率、产量品质的影响,以大粪干+玉米秸+锯沫或菇渣(1∶2∶1)的配方较好。

Abstract:Organic substrate cultivation system was a new technique characterized by low cost, easy operation and fitting Chinese national conditions. In order to provide a scientific base for the confection of organic substrate and reasonable fertilization, an experiment was conducted to study the characteristics of nutrients absorption of tomato using organic substrate culture added with corn stalk, wheat straw, mushroom residue or saw dust and dry dung. The results showed that the amount of N, P and K uptake per plant, nutrient use efficiency and nutrient allocation at different positions of plant are various for different formulas. The ratio of N∶P₂O₅∶K₂O for total growing period was 1∶0.194—0.375∶ 0.903—1.412. According to yield data, the calculated range of required nutrient of N is 136.7—201.4g,P₂O₅ 39.9—60.0g and K₂O 156.7—235.7g for 100kg tomato product. The best organic substrate formula is dry dung∶corn stalk∶mushroom residue= 1∶2∶1.

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