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期 刊 ：植物保护学报 2004年

关键词：木霉；生物防治；拮抗；土传病害；

Keywords:Trichoderma spp., biological control, antagonism, soilborn disease,

摘 要 ：从土壤中分离了一木霉Trichoderma sp.菌株T97.竞争及对峙培养结果表明,木霉T97对豌豆根腐病菌Fusarium solani f.sp.pisi、番茄灰霉病菌Botrytis cinerea、茄子黄萎病菌Verticillium dahliae、黄瓜枯萎病菌Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cucumerinum、小麦全蚀病菌Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici、小麦根腐病菌Bipolaris sorokiniana和立枯丝核病菌Rhizoctonia solani等7种病原菌有较强的生长竞争优势.光学显微观察表明,木霉T97通过缠绕、附着和穿透的方式寄生立枯丝核菌、番茄灰霉病菌和小麦全蚀病菌.受T97作用后,茄子菌核病菌的菌丝尖端肿大、变粗,豌豆根腐病菌和黄瓜枯萎病菌的菌丝出现断裂等溶菌现象.用T97培养物(0.6%(w/w))处理土壤,对茄子黄萎病和菌核病、黄瓜枯萎病和菌核病以及豌豆根腐病的苗期病害防治效果达66%～81%.用T97孢子悬浮液108cfu/mL在花期喷雾保护黄瓜、辣椒和番茄叶面,对灰霉病的防治效果相当于50%速克灵WP 3 000倍液.

Abstract:Trichoderma sp.strain T_(97)was isolated from soil.The result of the dual cultureshowed that the strain had strong competitive dominance against 7 pathogenic fungi includingFusarium solani f.sp.pisi,Botrytis cinerea,Verticillium dahliea,Fusarium oxysporum

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