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,2016,36(6):1233-1244
犃犮狋犪犅狅狋.犅狅狉犲犪犾.犗犮犮犻犱犲狀狋.犛犻狀.
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犛狋狉狌犮狋狌狉犲犪狀犱犛狌狉狏犻狏犪犾犃狀犪犾狔狊犻狊狅犳犜狊狌犵犪犮犺犻狀犲狀狊犻狊犘狅狆狌犾犪狋犻狅狀狊
犻狀犜犪狅狔狌犪狀犱狅狀犵犖犪狋犻狅狀犪犾犖犪狋狌狉犲犚犲狊犲狉狏犲,犎狌狀犪狀犘狉狅狏犻狀犮犲
DINGQiaoling1,LIUZhongcheng2,WANGLei2,CAISongchen1,
SHIXianggang1,ZENGMaosheng3,LIAOWenbo1
(1SchoolofLifeSciences,SunYatsen University,Guangzhou510275,China;2ColegeofResourceEnvironmentand
Tourism,CapitalNormalUniversity,Beijing100048,China;3AdministrationBureauofTaoyuandongNationalNatureReserve,
Yanling,Hunan412500,China)
犃犫狊狋狉犪犮狋:Two犜.犮犺犻狀犲狀狊犻狊communities,fromNiushipingandLishuzhouinTaoyuandongNationalNature
Reserve,arestudiedbyusingthemethodsofplotsforthecompositionandstructureofthecommunities,
usingShannonWeinerindex,SimpsonindexandPielouindexforspeciesdiversityofeverylayersandu
singdiameterclassfrequencydistributionof犜.犮犺犻狀犲狀狊犻狊toanalyzetheageclassfrequencydistribution
andtheregenerationofthetargetpopulation.Theresultsareasfolows:(1)sincetheevergreenplantsare
dominant,thephysiognomyofthetwocommunitiesshowsomeseasonalchangesofdarkgreeninsummer
andlightyelowgreeninautumnandwinter.(2)Twentysixspeciesin21generaof13familiescompose
the犜.犮犺犻狀犲狀狊犻狊communityofNiushipingandthe犜.犮犺犻狀犲狀狊犻狊communityofLishuzhoucontains22fami
lies,30generawith36species.Theirproportionsoftemperategeneraofseedplantsarehigherthanthat
oftropicalgenera,whichshowsthesubtropicalmontanepropertyofgeographicalelements.(3)Theverti
calstructureofabovetwocommunitiescanbedividedintothreelayers,i.e.treelayer,shrublayerand
herblayerandthetreelayerincludesthreesublayers,i.e.upperlayer,middlelayerandlowerlayer.(4)
ShannonWienerindexandSimpsonindexarrangeaslowerlayeroftree> middlelayeroftree>shrub
layer>upperlayeroftreeinbothcommunities,andPielouindexofmiddlelayeroftreeandlowerlayerof
treeishigherthanthatofupperlayeroftreeandshrublayerinbothcommunities.(5)Thedominantpop
ulationsofthe犜.犮犺犻狀犲狀狊犻狊communityinNiushipingare犚犺狅犱狅犱犲狀犱狉狅狀狅狏犪狋狌犿,犜.犮犺犻狀犲狀狊犻狊,犆犪犿犲犾犾犻犪
犮狌狊狆犻犱犪狋犪and犚犺狅犱狅犱犲狀犱狉狅狀犾犪狋狅狌犮犺犲犪犲whilethedominantpopulationsofthe犜.犮犺犻狀犲狀狊犻狊communityin
Lishuzhouare犛犮犺犻犿犪犪狉犵犲狀狋犲犪,犜.犮犺犻狀犲狀狊犻狊,犚犺狅犱狅犱犲狀犱狉狅狀犾犪狋狅狌犮犺犲犪犲and犚犺狅犱狅犱犲狀犱狉狅狀犺狔狆狅犫犾犲犿犪狋狅
狊狌犿.(6)Accordingtotheagefrequencydistributionandthesurvivalanalysis,the犜.犮犺犻狀犲狀狊犻狊popula
tionfromNiushipingisadecliningpopulationandunabletoregenerateitselfbecauseoflackingofenough
youngerageindividuals;the犜.犮犺犻狀犲狀狊犻狊populationfromLishuzhouisaincreasingpopulationwithacer
tainnumberofyoungerageindividualsandrelativelyreasonableagestructurewhilethehighcanopydensi
tycouldbealimitingfactorthatchalengeitsnaturalregeneration.Inconclusion,wesuggestthatinsitu
conservationandproperhumaninterventionarenecessaryforthe犜.犮犺犻狀犲狀狊犻狊communityofNiushiping
andfurthermonitoringisessentialforthe犜.犮犺犻狀犲狀狊犻狊communityofLishuzhou.
犓犲狔狑狅狉犱狊:犜狊狌犵犪犮犺犻狀犲狀狊犻狊;communitystructure;populationstructure;survivalanalysis;populationre
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Table1 Compositionoftwo犜.犮犺犻狀犲狀狊犻狊communitites
fromTaoyuandong
)Family
XNiushiping
(NP/NG)
Lishuzhou
(NP/NG)
5ß) Theaceae 5/5 5/4
Y)Lauraceae 3/3 2/2
âãÛ)Ericaceae 3/2 5/2
^_) Rosaceae 1/1 3/2
5W)Symplocaceae 4/1 1/1
`a)Fagaceae 0/0 2/2
b)Pinaceae 1/1 2/2
Z-) Araliaceae 2/2 1/1
[) Anacardiaceae 2/1 0/0
) Aceraceae 1/1 0/0
¿) Aquifoliaceae 1/1 0/0
¿)Caprifoliaceae 0/0 1/1
)Celastraceae 0/0 1/1
o)Clethraceae 1/1 1/1
) Daphniphylaceae 0/0 1/1
)Ebenaceae 1/1 0/0
) Gentianaceae 0/0 1/1
Ø)Saxifragaceae 0/0 1/1
Ø)Cyperaceae 0/0 1/1
;) Gramineae 1/1 0/0
j)Liliaceae 0/0 1/1
) Orchidaceae 0/0 1/1
¹) Taxaceae 0/0 1/1
) Taxodiaceae 0/0 1/1
á]) Aspleniaceae 0/0 1/1
) Gleicheniaceae 0/0 2/1
Xb)Lycopodiaceae 0/0 1/1
:NP¬$,NG¬Ä。
Note:NP.numberofspecies,NG.numberofgenera.
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犿犲犾犾犻犪犮狌狊狆犻犱犪狋犪);;o
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Table2 TheComparisonofthegeographicalelementsoffive犜.犆犺犻狀犲狀狊犻狊communities[4,6,40]
_¤w`ëTypeofdistribution
Ä
/
°J_¤ÄÍz Genusquantity/Proportion/%
noX
Niushiping,
Hunan
no
Lishuzhou,
Hunan
kÉY
Gaopo,
Guiyang
P%
Guangze,
Fujian
KL5
Jiulongshan,
Zhejiang
1.8¤Cosmopolitan - 2/- 3/- 1/- -
2. ËÇ_¤Pantropic 4/19.05 3/12.00 3/7.89 5/15.63 3/15.00
3.ËÇÎ?ËÇw`x_¤Trop.As.andTrop.Amer. 4/19.05 4/16.00 1/2.63 2/6.25 2/10.00
4.¡ËÇ_¤OldWorldTrop. - - - - -
5.ËÇÎ\ËÇ6¢Trop.As.andTrop.Australia - - 3/7.89 2/6.25 -
6.ËÇÎ\ËÇJ_¤Trop.As.andTrop.Afr. - - 1/2.63 - -
7.ËÇÎ_¤ Trop.As. 2/9.52 4/16.00 5/13.16 3/9.38 3/15.00
8."ÆÇ_¤ N.Temp. 4/19.05 5/20.00 13/34.21 6/18.75 5/25.00
9.9ÎU"w`xE.As.andN.Amer.Disjuncted 4/19.05 4/16.00 6/15.79 10/31.25 4/20.00
10.¡ÆÇ_¤ OldWorldTemp. - - 2/5.26 - -
11.ÆÇÎ_¤ Temp.As. - 1/4.00 - - -
12.Å4]w Mediterranea - - - - -
13.4ÎC.As. - - - - -
14.9ÎE.As. 2/9.52 2/8.00 3/7.89 3/9.38 1/5.00
15.4³EndemictoChina 1/4.76 2/8.00 1/2.63 1/3.13 2/10.00
ËÇ_
(2~7)Tropicalelements 10/47.62 11/44.00 13/34.21 12/37.50 8/40.00
ÆÇ_
(8~15)Temperateelements 11/52.38 14/56.00 25/65.79 20/62.50 12/60.00
a、c.Xo
;b、d.o
。
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a,c.犜狊狌犵犪犮犺犻狀犲狀狊犻狊communityfromNiushiping;b,d.犜狊狌犵犪犮犺犻狀犲狀狊犻狊communityfromLishuzhou
Fig.1 Theheightclassfrequencydistribution(a,b)andverticalstructure(c,d)of犜.犮犺犻狀犲狀狊犻狊
communityfromTaoyuandong
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63%?89.10%;âãÛ)#$"×Ó?ÒÓÖ
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(犚犺狅犱狅犱犲狀
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狆狅犫犾犲犿犪狋狅狊狌犿);ÒÓ4?ÒÓÕ43°É
`Í5ß)#$
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犵犲狀狋犲犪);o
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(
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; ShannonWiener 、Simpson ?
Pielou36Ê×Ó,Ø;Simp
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ShannonWiener¤rìÊÒÓ;o
ShannonWiener、Simpson?
Pielou3¸¹Ô²·,ÍØ;>Ò
Ó>×Ó;_¾Í÷2¥o
3¥,üƾð6。DíÍ÷Ø¥×Ó、
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(犜狅狓犻犮狅犱犲狀犱狉狅狀
狏犲狉狀犻犮犻犳犾狌狌犿),ïOGg"5óÕ(¬4)。(2)
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、
Z-?§95¨
(犆犾犲狋犺狉犪犫犪狉犫犻狀犲狉狏
犻狊)(¬6)。(4)o
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Table3 Speciesdiversityof犜.犮犺犻狀犲狀狊犻狊communityfromTaoyuandong
ÅC-X
LocalityLayer
ShannonWiener
ShannonWienerindex
Simpson
Simpsonindex
Pielou
Pielouindex
XÒÓ NiushipingTreelayer 2.2876 0.8194 0.6865
XÒÓÕNiushipingUpperlayeroftree 0.8629 0.3603 0.4434
XÒÓ4NiushipingMiddlelayeroftree 1.6623 0.7173 0.7219
XÒÓÖNiushipingLowerlayeroftree 2.1115 0.7888 0.6644
X×ÓNiushipingShrublayer 1.2484 0.5208 0.4867
XØ;NiushipingHerbaceouslayer 2.1054 0.8601 0.9144
ÒÓLishuzhouTreelayer 2.3015 0.8581 0.6983
ÒÓÕLishuzhouUpperlayeroftree 1.0629 0.5888 0.6604
ÒÓ4LishuzhouMiddlelayeroftree 1.8096 0.7645 0.6857
ÒÓÖLishuzhouLowerlayeroftree 2.2264 0.8154 0.6833
×ÓLishuzhouShrublayer 1.7803 0.7247 0.5343
Ø;LishuzhouHerbaceouslayer 2.7330 0.8739 0.7750
8321 ! " # $ % & 36¿
p4 5ABCErDE_N`
Table4 Importancevaluesoftreepopulationsinthe犜.犮犺犻狀犲狀狊犻狊communityofNiushiping
`
Species
·3
Relativeabundance
·¢£
Relativefrequency
·±²3
Relativedominance
ïOG
Importantvalue
ÙÚÛ犚犺狅犱狅犱犲狀犱狉狅狀狅狏犪狋狌犿 0.3669 0.1087 0.2695 24.84
o
犜狊狌犵犪犮犺犻狀犲狀狊犻狊 0.0827 0.1087 0.2981 16.31
ÜoÝÞß犆犪犿犲犾犾犻犪犮狌狊狆犻犱犪狋犪 0.1499 0.0761 0.0683 9.81
àáâã犚犺狅犱狅犱犲狀犱狉狅狀犾犪狋狅狌犮犺犲犪犲 0.0827 0.0761 0.0452 6.80
[犜狅狓犻犮狅犱犲狀犱狉狅狀狏犲狉狀犻犮犻犳犾狌狌犿 0.0646 0.0652 0.0536 6.11
Z-犌犪犿犫犾犲犪犮犻犾犻犪狋犪var.犲狏狅犱犻犳狅犾犻犪 0.0439 0.0652 0.0284 4.59
²³犜犲狉狀狊狋狉狅犲犿犻犪犵狔犿狀犪狀狋犺犲狉犪 0.0439 0.0543 0.0177 3.86
ÚÓä犛犮犺犻犿犪犪狉犵犲狀狋犲犪 0.0026 0.0109 0.0932 3.56
§95¨犆犾犲狋犺狉犪犫犪狉犫犻狀犲狉狏犻狊 0.0181 0.0543 0.0089 2.71
5W犛狔犿狆犾狅犮狅狊狊狌犿狌狀狋犻犪 0.0155 0.0435 0.0154 2.48
犇犻狅狊狆狔狉狅狊犽犪犽犻 0.0103 0.0326 0.0176 2.02
Ó犜狅狓犻犮狅犱犲狀犱狉狅狀狊狔犾狏犲狊狋狉犲 0.0103 0.0326 0.0072 1.67
´Ó犈狌狉狔犪犼犪狆狅狀犻犮犪 0.0155 0.0217 0.0064 1.46
5µ¶犔犻狀犱犲狉犪犵犾犪狌犮犪 0.0078 0.0326 0.0018 1.40
·¸5W犛狔犿狆犾狅犮狅狊犵犾犪狌犮犪 0.0129 0.0217 0.0064 1.37
犃犮犲狉犱犪狏犻犱犻犻 0.0103 0.0217 0.0031 1.17
~Ó犛犪狊狊犪犳狉犪狊狋狕狌犿狌 0.0052 0.0217 0.0067 1.12
:
9B<ÐïOG6Ê1。¬6、7。
Note:Treepopulationswhichimportancevalueslessthan1.00arenotlisted.ThesameasTable6and7.
p5 5ABCErDE_N`
Table5 Importancevaluesofshrubpopulationsinthe犜.犮犺犻狀犲狀狊犻狊communityofNiushiping
`
Species
·3
Relativeabundance
·¢£
Relativefrequency
·±²3
Relativecoverage
ïOG
Importantvalue
ÙÚÛ犚犺狅犱狅犱犲狀犱狉狅狀狅狏犪狋狌犿 0.6630 0.2564 0.6458 52.17
ÜoÝÞß犆犪犿犲犾犾犻犪犮狌狊狆犻犱犪狋犪 0.1381 0.2308 0.1734 18.08
àáâã犚犺狅犱狅犱犲狀犱狉狅狀犾犪狋狅狌犮犺犲犪犲 0.0442 0.1282 0.0369 6.98
²³犜犲狉狀狊狋狉狅犲犿犻犪犵狔犿狀犪狀狋犺犲狉犪 0.0387 0.0513 0.0517 4.72
5µ¶犔犻狀犱犲狉犪犵犾犪狌犮犪 0.0221 0.0769 0.0148 3.79
´Ó犈狌狉狔犪犼犪狆狅狀犻犮犪 0.0221 0.0513 0.0111 2.82
²o¹ÀÍ犆犾犲狔犲狉犪狆犪犮犺狔狆犺狔犾犾犪 0.0166 0.0513 0.0111 2.63
[犜狅狓犻犮狅犱犲狀犱狉狅狀狏犲狉狀犻犮犻犳犾狌狌犿 0.0055 0.0256 0.0295 2.02
·¸5W犛狔犿狆犾狅犮狅狊犵犾犪狌犮犪 0.0166 0.0256 0.0111 1.78
o¹犞犪犮犮犻狀犻狌犿犫狉犪犮狋犲犪狋狌犿 0.0110 0.0256 0.0055 1.41
犃犮犲狉犱犪狏犻犱犻犻 0.0110 0.0256 0.0037 1.35
Z-犌犪犿犫犾犲犪犮犻犾犻犪狋犪var.犲狏狅犱犻犳狅犾犻犪 0.0055 0.0256 0.0037 1.16
ÓºÖ犔犻狋狊犲犪狆狌狀犵犲狀狊 0.0055 0.0256 0.0018 1.10
:
ghy³×Ó
。
Note:Includingaltheshrubpopulations.
o
üSRc¬(¬8)?è
&RS
(
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;(2)33¦r2üè&´¥c¼
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+£?12£¿(3´¥ªG
(
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,
Rè£
、
P*+£?@£¸
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Rè£Á±;P*+£?@£Âõ
(
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3,c、d);(4)(35¦ró/,Rè£?*+£¸¹
93216) CDE,Z:nopbq(rstuvwo
7Rè_
p6 5ABCErDE_N`
Table6 Importancevaluesoftreepopulationsinthe犜.犮犺犻狀犲狀狊犻狊communityofLishuzhou
`
Species
·3
Relativeabundance
·¢£
Relativefrequency
·±²3
Relativedominance
ïOG
Importantvalue
ÚÓä犛犮犺犻犿犪犪狉犵犲狀狋犲犪 0.1755 0.0945 0.4494 23.98
o
犜狊狌犵犪犮犺犻狀犲狀狊犻狊 0.1335 0.1260 0.3660 20.85
àáâã犚犺狅犱狅犱犲狀犱狉狅狀犾犪狋狅狌犮犺犲犪犲 0.2450 0.0866 0.0334 12.17
Z-犌犪犿犫犾犲犪犮犻犾犻犪狋犪var.犲狏狅犱犻犳狅犾犻犪 0.1389 0.1260 0.0324 9.91
§95¨犆犾犲狋犺狉犪犫犪狉犫犻狀犲狉狏犻狊 0.1005 0.1260 0.0245 8.37
fÃ犆狔犮犾狅犫犪犾犪狀狅狆狊犻狊犿狌犾狋犻狀犲狉狏犻狊 0.0311 0.0551 0.0122 3.28
åæâã犚犺狅犱狅犱犲狀犱狉狅狀犺狔狆狅犫犾犲犿犪狋狅狊狌犿 0.0293 0.0472 0.0030 2.65
ÙÚÛ犚犺狅犱狅犱犲狀犱狉狅狀狅狏犪狋狌犿 0.0293 0.0394 0.0024 2.37
ÄÅb犘犻狀狌狊犿狅狉狉犻狊狅狀犻犮狅犾犪 0.0073 0.0315 0.0210 1.99
Ó犆狌狀狀犻狀犵犺犪犿犻犪犾犪狀犮犲狅犾犪狋犪 0.0091 0.0315 0.0161 1.89
ÆÇ犐狋犲犪犮犺犻狀犲狀狊犻狊 0.0146 0.0394 0.0023 1.88
·¸5W犛狔犿狆犾狅犮狅狊犵犾犪狌犮犪 0.0091 0.0394 0.0066 1.84
²o¹ÀÍ犆犾犲狔犲狉犪狆犪犮犺狔狆犺狔犾犾犪 0.0165 0.0236 0.0138 1.80
p7 5ABCErDE_N`
Table7 Importancevaluesofshrubpopulationsinthe犜.犮犺犻狀犲狀狊犻狊communityofLishuzhou
`
Species
·3
Relativeabundance
·¢£
Relativefrequency
·±²3
Relativedominance
ïOG
Importantvalue
àáâã犚犺狅犱狅犱犲狀犱狉狅狀犾犪狋狅狌犮犺犲犪犲 0.3979 0.1176 0.3873 30.09
åæâã犚犺狅犱狅犱犲狀犱狉狅狀犺狔狆狅犫犾犲犿犪狋狅狊狌犿 0.3277 0.1103 0.2313 22.31
§95¨犆犾犲狋犺狉犪犫犪狉犫犻狀犲狉狏犻狊 0.0786 0.1103 0.1099 9.96
Z-犌犪犿犫犾犲犪犮犻犾犻犪狋犪var.犲狏狅犱犻犳狅犾犻犪 0.0295 0.0735 0.0433 4.88
ÙÚÛ犚犺狅犱狅犱犲狀犱狉狅狀狅狏犪狋狌犿 0.0323 0.0662 0.0373 4.52
o
犜狊狌犵犪犮犺犻狀犲狀狊犻狊 0.0175 0.0735 0.0161 3.57
ÜÈÉ´犈狌狉狔犪犪犮狌狋犻狊犲狆犪犾犪 0.0147 0.0662 0.0091 3.00
²o¹ÀÍ犆犾犲狔犲狉犪狆犪犮犺狔狆犺狔犾犾犪 0.0175 0.0368 0.0355 2.99
Êß犆犪犿犲犾犾犻犪狅犾犲犻犳犲狉犪 0.0077 0.0515 0.0108 2.33
ÆÇ犐狋犲犪犮犺犻狀犲狀狊犻狊 0.0126 0.0368 0.0104 1.99
fÃ犆狔犮犾狅犫犪犾犪狀狅狆狊犻狊犿狌犾狋犻狀犲狉狏犻狊 0.0063 0.0441 0.0073 1.92
·¸5W犛狔犿狆犾狅犮狅狊犵犾犪狌犮犪 0.0035 0.0368 0.0067 1.56
jË´犈狌狉狔犪犿狌狉犻犮犪狋犪 0.0133 0.0147 0.0145 1.42
Èf¨Óº犖犲狅犾犻狋狊犲犪狆犺犪狀犲狉狅狆犺犾犲犫犻犪 0.0084 0.0221 0.0104 1.36
ÚÓä犛犮犺犻犿犪犪狉犵犲狀狋犲犪 0.0056 0.0221 0.0111 1.29
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2¦
Fig.2 Theageclassfrequencydistributionof犜.犮犺犻狀犲狀狊犻狊populationfromTaoyuandong
0421 ! " # $ % & 36¿
p8 5ABCDEmnIop
Table8 Staticlifetableof犜.犪犮犺犻狀犲狀狊犻狊populationfromLishuzhou
¦r
Ageclass
¡r
犇犅犎class
4G
Meanvalue 犪狓 犾狓 ln犾狓 犱狓 狇狓 犔狓 犜狓 犲狓 犓狓 犛狓
1 0~5 2.5 57 1000 6.908 474 0.474 763 1588 1.588 0.642 0.526
2 5~10 7.5 30 526 6.266 193 0.367 430 825 1.567 0.457 0.633
3 10~15 12.5 19 333 5.809 246 0.737 211 395 1.184 1.335 0.263
4 15~20 17.5 5 88 4.474 0 0.000 88 184 2.100 0.000 1.000
5 20~25 22.5 5 88 4.474 88 1.000 44 96 1.100 / 0.000
6 25~30 27.5 0 0 / 0 / 0 53 / / /
7 30~35 32.5 0 0 / -35 / 18 53 / / /
8 35~40 37.5 2 35 3.558 18 0.500 26 35 1.000 0.693 0.500
9 40~45 42.5 1 18 2.865 18 1.000 9 9 0.500 / 0.000
10 45~50 47.5 0 0 / 0 / 0 0 / / /
11 50~55 52.5 0 0 / 0 / 0 0 / / /
12 55~60 57.5 0 0 / 0 / 0 0 / / /
13 >60 70.0 0 0 / 0 / 0 0 / / /
:犇犅犎.Ý¡;犪狓.è&;犾狓.è&>;犱狓.*+£;狇狓.*+£;犔狓.w`0c;犜狓.0c;犲狓.)/0c;犓狓.12£;犛狓.è&£。
Note:犇犅犎.Diameteratbreastheight;犪狓.Survival;犾狓.Survivalquantity;犱狓.Deathnumber;狇狓.Mortalityrate;犔狓.Spanlife;犜狓.
Totallife;犲狓.Lifeexpectancy;犓狓.Vanishrate;犛狓.Survivalrate.
a.è&RS;b.*+£(狇狓)?12£(犓狓)RS;c.Rè£[犛(犻)]?P*+£[犉(犻)]RS;d.*+Q3[犳(狋犻)]?@£[λ(狋犻)]RS
ù3 o
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a.Survivalcurve;b.Mortalityrate(狇狓)andvanishrate(犓狓)valuecurves;c.Survivalrate[犛(犻)]andcumulativemortality
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