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Physiological Characteristics and Growth of Loquat under Drought Stress

干旱胁迫对枇杷生理特性及生长的影响



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,2016,36(7):1399-1407
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WANGDan,GONGRonggao,RONGYi
(ColegeofHorticulture,SichuanAgricultureUniversity,Chengdu611130China)
犃犫狊狋狉犪犮狋:Inordertoexploretheeffectsonphysiologicalcharacteristicsandgrowthofloquatunderdrought
stress,weconductedapotexperimentof4treatmentswhichwereCK,lightstress(LS),moderatestress
(MS)andseverestress(SS)byusing3yearold‘Dawuxingloquat.Theresultsshowedthat:(1)Plant
height,stemleafbiomassandrootbiomasswereinhibitedunderdroughtstress.(2)Thechlorophylcon
tentsincreasedunderlightandmoderatedroughtstress,theleafrelativewatercontent(LRWC)andchlo
rophylcontentsdecreasedsignificantlyfolowingthelackoftherelativewatercontentofsoil.(3)Net
photosyntheticrate(犘n),transpirationrate(犜r)andstomatalconductance(犌s)showeddecreasingtrends
significantlyand犌swasthemostsensitiveonetodroughtstress.However,intercelularCO2concentration
(犆i)increasedandthendeclinedwithincreasingdroughtstress.Wateruseefficiency(犠犝犈)gotthemini
mumunderseverestress.(4)Withwaterstressintensifying,superoxidedismutase(SOD)activityand
peroxidase(POD)activitydecreasedafteraninitialincrease.Catalase(CAT)playedapivotalroleatlight
stress,whilereducedatseverestress.Malondialdehyde(MDA)contentenhancedsignificantlyundermod
eratestressfor10days.(5)Freeproline(Pro)contentincreasedwhendroughtstresswasfortifiedand
wasthehighestafterseverestressfor10days.However,solubleprotein(SP)contenthadnosignificant
differenceunderthelateofdroughtstress.Thesolublesugarcontentpeakedinthelaterofseverestress
andhadsignificantdifferencewiththecontrast.Theresultsprovedthatloquatleavesenhancedtheirtoler
anceandadaptabilitybycontrolingtheactivitiesofantioxidantenzymesandosmoticadjustmentandpro
tectiveenzymesystemunderlightormoderatestress,thoughthewaterdeficitrestraineditsphotosynthe
sis.Themembranesystemandphotosyntheticsystemofloquatweredamagedandenzymeactivitiesaffect
edsothatthegrowthofloquatwerebadlyinhibitedwiththeincreaseofdroughtstress.
犓犲狔狑狅狉犱狊:loquat;droughtstress;growth;photosyntheticproperties;antioxidantenzymeactivity;os
moticregulation
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Table1 Effectsofdroughtstressongrowthparametersofloquatleaves
˜3™š
Determinationindex
mC
Treatment
mCº² Treatmenttime/d
0 5 10 15 20
ŠK
Plantheight/cm
CK 67.7±0.72a 69.4±1.08a 71.8±0.95a 73.1±1.05a 74.3±1.03a
LS 66.3±0.52a 68.5±0.72a 69.9±0.78a 70.5±1.23a 69.6±1.27b
MS 63.6±0.36b 62.8±0.35b 61.4±1.07b 60.2±1.08b 59.4±0.43c
SS 62.1+0.55b 60.8±0.96b 59.3±0.82b 58.0±1.09b 57.2±1.82c
‹Œ<$Ž
Stemleafbiomass/g
CK 19.55±0.72a 20.21±0.71a 20.35±1.43a 21.19±1.18a 21.57±0.86a
LS 19.66±0.76a 21.11±1.03a 21.01±0.58a 19.79±0.48a 17.27±1.0b
MS 17.74±1.34ab 16.39±0.97b 15.27±0.85b 13.90±0.74b 12.43±1.16c
SS 15.94±0.82b 13.21±0.77c 11.26±0.22c 10.29±0.21c 10.01±0.92c
‹<$Ž
Rootbiomass/g
CK 5.31±0.28a 5.42±0.24a 5.54±0.17a 5.65±0.10a 5.67±0.11a
LS 5.39±0.05a 5.43±0.14a 5.44±0.17a 5.51±0.12a 5.51±0.19a
MS 5.21±0.22a 5.10±0.03a 4.84±0.22b 4.59±0.21b 4.29±0.11b
SS 4.49±0.22b 4.17±0.30b 3.81±0.13c 3.58±0.12c 3.34±0.05c
~Iý
Rootshootratio
CK 0.27+0.017a 0.27+0.009a 0.27+0.024ab 0.27+0.02c 0.26+0.017a
LS 0.27+0.012a 0.26+0.007a 0.26+0.0b 0.28+0.012bc 0.32+0.029a
MS 0.29+0.032a 0.31+0.023a 0.32+0.032ab 0.33+0.017ab 0.35+0.035a
SS 0.28+0.01a 0.32+0.031a 0.34+0.015a 0.35+0.017a 0.33+0.038a
J

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LS,MSandSSstandforthecontrol,lightstress,moderatestressandseverestress,respectively;Thesameasbelow
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Table2 Effectsofdroughtstressonrelativewatercontentandchlorophylcontentofloquatleaves
˜3™š
Determinationindex
mC
Treatment
mCº² Treatmenttime/d
0 5 10 15 20
–—ŸpšhŽ
LRWC/%
CK 85.2±0.88a 86.0±0.30a 85.1±0.32a 85.4±0.23a 85.7±0.23a
LS 84.0±0.18ba 83.7±0.12b 82.5±0.52b 81.3±0.85b 79.1±0.50b
MS 82.5±0.68b 79.0±0.26c 76.9±0.09c 68.3±0.28c 64.9±0.55c
SS 78.0±0.28c 73.2±0.18d 63.0±0.33d 55.0±0.12d 49.0±0.23d
–˜™šŽ
Chlorophylcontent
/(mg·g-1)
CK 2.97±0.136ab 3.09±0.049a 3.16±0.121a 3.28±0.040a 3.15±0.130a
LS 3.16±0.021a 3.34±0.170a 3.23±0.095a 3.00±0.111b 3.22±0.064a
MS 2.74±0.067bc 3.07±0.171a 3.04±0.114a 2.79±0.027b 3.20±0.151a
SS 2.56±0.044c 2.52±0.068b 2.23±0.098b 1.98±0.070c 1.92±0.081b
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Table3 Effectsofdroughtstressonthegasexchangeparametersofloquatleaves
˜3™š
Determinationindex
mC
Treatment
mCº² Treatmenttime/d
0 5 10 15 20
¢£¤¥¦犘n
/(μmol·m-2·s-1)
CK 3.36±0.05a 3.32±0.08a 3.30±0.12a 3.40±0.05a 3.38±0.05a
LS 3.18±0.08a 3.11±0.06b 3.17±0.07a 2.89±0.12b 2.76±0.08b
MS 2.77±0.04b 2.66±0.04c 2.29±0.07b 1.88±0.07c 1.43±0.07c
SS 0.91±0.08c 0.65±0.06d 0.45±0.02c 0.39±0.02d 0.35±0.07d
§¨¥¦犜r
/(mmol·m-2·s-1)
CK 0.55±0.02a 0.56±0.02a 0.58±0.01a 0.55±0.02a 0.56±0.02a
LS 0.49±0.02a 0.47±0.01b 0.48±0.02b 0.43±0.02b 0.32±0.01b
MS 0.35±0.04b 0.31±0.02c 0.28±0.01c 0.23±0.02c 0.16±0.01c
SS 0.15±0.01c 0.14±0.02d 0.12±0.05d 0.11±0.01d 0.13±0.01c
©ª«o犌s
/(mol·m-2·s-1)
CK 0.129±0.003a 0.125±0.001a 0.126±0.002a 0.130±0.009a 0.127±0.002a
LS 0.086±0.001b 0.075±0.001b 0.071±0.001b 0.064±0.001b 0.033±0.001b
MS 0.043±0.001c 0.030±0.005c 0.024±0.002c 0.020±0.002c 0.013±0.001c
SS 0.017±0.001d 0.014±0.001d 0.010±0.002d 0.007±0.001c 0.006±0.001d
±²CO2³o犆i
/(μmol·mol-1)
CK 278.11±1.90c 280.60±3.22c 282.54±1.73c 279.42±1.64c 279.97±2.05d
LS 254.44±0.78d 250.83±2.28d 237.65±1.27d 253.98±1.98d 287.23±1.27c
MS 295.99±1.91b 326.76±1.28b 348.57±1.73b 351.65±3.93b 369.98±2.18b
SS 377.21±3.62a 388.00±1.32a 421.34±3.16a 420.75±0.95a 406.32±0.53a
hl»¼¦犠犝犈
/(mmol·mol-1)
CK 6.11±0.13b 5.93±0.19bc 5.69±0.14b 6.18±0.33b 6.04±0.19b
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