Abstract:A spatial series representing the temporal sequence of vegetation restoration on opencast coal mine was used to investigate structure and biodiversity of functional group of reclamation land in Loess Plateau.Five plots,which were basically the same habitats,were selected in Heidaigou opencast coal mine,including of one original landscape plot (control) and four reclamation plots in different reclamation stages (from 1995 to 2010).The results showed that:With the increase in reclaiming time,the composition of perennial grass and perennial forb dominated,and their cumulative dominances showed an increasing trend,but the cumulative dominance of annual or biennial herb reduced.In initial stage of reclamation,the functional groups were simple,poor composition of species,mostly annual or biennial herb.Later stage,Leymus chinensis and Agropyron cristatum appeared.Final,reclamation land engendered a natural community consisted of Stipa krylovii,Stipa bungeana,Leymus secalinus and Cleistogenes squarrosa,etc.In the course of the reclamation,the percentage of mesophyte and mesoxerophytes increased gradually.On the contrary,the percentage of xerophytes reduced.Along with the increase of reclamation time,the biomass of perennial grass and perennial forb increased,while the biomass of annual or biennial herb plant decreased.The total biomass showed the trend of first increased sharply then dropped sharply,and followed by a gradual increase.With the increase of reclamation time,the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H),Patrick richness index (Pa) and Pielou evenness index (JP) increased.