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作 者 ：关 玲 1，黄金凤 1，刘金义 1，高志红 1,2，章 镇 1,2，乔玉山1,2*

期 刊 ：西北植物学报 2012年 1期 页码：48~53

关键词：梨；SSR；引物；苹果；基因组；

Keywords:pear, SSR, primer, apple, genome,

摘 要 ：从NCBI网站获取‘金冠’苹果基因组数据，在每条染色体上随机设计4对共68对引物。利用梨品种‘黄冠’和‘莱阳茌梨’及其F₁代杂交群体（共94个单株）对这些引物的应用性进行验证，同时分析了该群体遗传多样性。（1）引物扩增结果显示，有40对引物可以扩增出预期目的条带，占设计引物数量的58.82%，其中16对引物能够扩增出多态性条带。（2）群体遗传多样性分析结果显示，有16对多态性引物扩增产物的等位基因数平均为2.312 5，有效等位基因数平均为2.001 4，平均杂合度观测值、期望杂合度和香农指数分别为0.548 3、0.490 5和0.746 2，表明可以在梨上运用。研究证明，SSR位点在苹果与梨之间可以转移应用。

Abstract:The genome data of Malus×domestica Borkh.‘Golden Delicious’ were downloaded from NCBI website,and 68 SSR primers i.e.four pairs from every chromosome were designed according to the SSR loci of genome and these primers were detected using 94 F₁ progenies of Pyrus ‘Huangguan’ (from Pyrus bretschneideri ‘Xuehuali’×Pyrus pyrifolia ‘Shinseiki’)×Pyrus bretschneideri ‘Laiyang Chili’,and the genetic diversity of this progeny was analyzed.The results were shown that:(1)the amounts of primer which could produce the expected product is 40 (58.82% of total primers),and 16 primers were shown polymorphic by PCR reaction.(2)Based on the results of amplification using the 16 polymorphic primers in the above progeny,the average number of alleles (Na) and the effective number of alleles (Ne) were 2.312 5 and 2.001 4,respectively.The mean observed heterozygosity (Ho),the mean expected heterozygosity (He) and the mean Shannon’s information index (I) were 0.548 3,0.490 5 and 0.746 2,respectively.16 polymorphic primers used for Pyrus L.were developed based on apple genome.The transferability of the SSR locus from genus Malus to Pyrus was also demonstrated in this paper.

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