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作 者 ：龚双姣1,2，马陶武1，刘 强1

期 刊 ：西北植物学报 2012年 6期 页码：1254~1260

关键词：蜡梅；培养基组分；花粉萌发；花粉管生长；

Keywords:Chimonanthus praecox, culture medium composition, pollen germination, pollen tube growth,

摘 要 ：采用液体培养法研究不同培养基组分和培养条件对蜡梅花粉萌发和花粉管生长的影响。结果表明：（1） PEG 4000是蜡梅花粉离体培养所必需的培养基成分，当培养基中无PEG 4000时，花粉不能正常萌发。（2）培养基内低浓度蔗糖对花粉萌发和花粉管的生长无显著影响，但随着蔗糖浓度的升高，则对花粉萌发和花粉管生长表现出强烈的抑制作用，且浓度越高，抑制效应越强。（3）培养基内其它组分分别在一定浓度范围（0～250 g/L PEG 4000、0～50 mg/L 硼酸、0～30 mg/L 硝酸钙）内对花粉萌发及花粉管生长有促进作用，但超过上述高限值时则起抑制作用。（4）培养基内镁和钾的浓度对花粉萌发及花粉管生长影响不显著。研究表明，蜡梅最适花粉液体培养基组分为250 g/L PEG 4000+50 mg/L H₃BO₃+30 mg/L Ca(NO₃)₂·4H₂O，且在pH 5.5、温度15℃和600 lx的光照培养条件下蜡梅花粉萌发和花粉管生长最佳。

Abstract:The effects of culture medium composition and culture conditions on pollen germination and pollen tube growth of Chimonanthus praecox (L.) Link.were investigated with liquid culture.The results showed that:(1)PEG 4000 was an essential culture constituent for in vitro culture to C.praecox.The pollen did not germinate in the culture medium without PEG 4000;(2)Low concentration of sucrose in the medium had no effects on pollen germination and pollen tube growth.Whereas,relative high concentration of sucrose significantly inhibited pollen germination and pollen tube growth;(3)0～250 g/L PEG 4000,0～50 mg/L H₃BO₃,and 0～30 mg/L Ca(NO₃)₂·4H₂O could stimulate pollen germination and pollen tube growth,but higher concentration of these constituents (250 g/L PEG 4000,50 mg/L H₃BO₃,and 30 mg/L Ca(NO₃)₂·4H₂O) displayed inhibition;(4)Magnesium and potassium had no significant effects on pollen germination and pollen tube growth.In summary,the optimum culture medium composition for liquid culture to C.praecox consist of 250 g/L PEG 4000,50 mg/L H₃BO₃,and 30 mg/L Ca(NO₃)₂·4H₂O.The optimum culture conditions for pollen germination and pollen tube growth of C.praecox involved pH 5.5,15℃,and 600 lx of illumination.

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